October Term 2025 · Docket 23-1197

Can prisoners sue state officials for RLUIPA violations?

The dispute centers on whether RLUIPA allows individual damages suits against state officials.

Official caption
Landor v. LA DOC
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  3. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  4. — An official Court opinion was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    The prisoner's counsel argued RLUIPA mirrors RFRA in authorizing damages.

    The state's counsel argued the statute lacks clear notice for individual suits.

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    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

A prisoner claims state officials violated his religious rights. He seeks damages under RLUIPA. The state argues the law does not allow such suits.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on November 10, 2025.

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What each side wants

The prisoner wants to recover damages for the alleged violation.

The state wants the Court to bar individual damages suits.

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What each side says

The prisoner argues RLUIPA clearly authorizes individual damages suits.

The state argues RLUIPA does not clearly create such a cause of action.

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What the justices asked

Justice Thomas asked about the scope of the Salinas precedent.

Justice Thomas asked for examples of viable damages claims under the Spending Power.

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Why it matters

The decision determines if prisoners can sue state officials for religious rights violations.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Verified official opinions and orders

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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