October Term 2022 · Docket 21-1086

Does Alabama's 2021 map violate the Voting Rights Act?

Appellants claim the state ignored racial data. Appellees argue the map dilutes Black voting power.

Official caption
Merrill v. Milligan
Latest argument session
Latest official Court activity
Latest verified event
Decided
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  3. — An official Court opinion was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Appellants claim Alabama retained existing districts and equalized population lawfully.

    Appellees state voting in Alabama is intensely racially polarized.

    Appellees argue the Black Belt is a historic and significant community.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

This case tests how courts evaluate racial intent in redistricting.

Official sources for this section

How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on October 4, 2022.

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What each side wants

Appellants want the Court to reverse the lower court's finding of vote dilution.

Appellees want the Court to affirm the lower court's finding of vote dilution.

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What each side says

Appellants argue the state used race-neutral principles and met legal standards.

Appellees argue the map intentionally dilutes Black voting power in a historic community.

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What the justices asked

Justice Jackson asked if the Gingles preconditions were satisfied in this case.

Justice Kagan asked if intent is required to prove a violation.

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Why it matters

The outcome defines how courts measure racial intent in redistricting disputes.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Verified official opinions and orders

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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