October Term 2021 · Docket 21-147

Can a citizen sue a federal border agent for damages?

The dispute centers on whether federal courts can create new damages remedies for constitutional violations.

Official caption
Egbert v. Boule
Latest argument session
Latest official Court activity
Latest verified event
Decided
Sources analyzed through
Post Opinion

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  3. — An official Court opinion was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Ms. Harris argued that the Court should not expand Bivens for the first time in 40 years.

    Ms. Ellsworth argued that the claim is materially indistinguishable from Bivens itself.

    Mr. Huston argued that a straightforward application of Bivens precedents supports reversing the judgment.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

This case tests the scope of Bivens remedies. The Court must decide if federal courts can authorize new damages suits against federal agents.

Official sources for this section

How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on March 2, 2022.

Official sources for this section

What each side wants

the side that brought the case wants the Court to reverse the lower court judgment.

the opposing side wants the Court to affirm the lower court judgment.

Official sources for this section

What each side says

the side that brought the case argues that Bivens extensions clash with modern precedent.

the opposing side argues that the claim is indistinguishable from Bivens.

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What the justices asked

Justice Thomas asked why the Fourth Amendment claim does not foreclose the argument.

Justice Sotomayor asked what special factor exists at the border for Customs agents.

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Why it matters

This case defines the limits of federal court jurisdiction over damages claims. It determines whether citizens can sue federal agents for constitutional violations.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

Official sources for this section

Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Verified official opinions and orders

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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