October Term 2020 · Docket 20-5904

Does the First Step Act lower crack cocaine penalties?

the side that brought the case seeks retroactive relief. The government opposes this change.

Official caption
Terry v. United States
Latest argument session
Latest official Court activity
Latest verified event
Decided
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Post Opinion

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  3. — An official Court opinion was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Mr. Adler argued the statute covers the crack offense.

    Mr. Mortara argued the statute excludes the crack offense.

    questions_asked_by_justices

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

The case tests the scope of the First Step Act. It targets crack cocaine sentencing disparities. The statute changed penalty ranges for these offenses.

Official sources for this section

How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on May 4, 2021.

Official sources for this section

What each side wants

the side that brought the case wants retroactive application of the new penalty ranges.

The government wants to keep the original sentence intact.

Official sources for this section

What each side says

the side that brought the case argues the statute covers the specific crack offense.

The government argues the statute excludes this specific offense.

Official sources for this section

What the justices asked

Justice Thomas asked about the pre-2010 penalty range.

Justice Alito asked which clause the statute modifies.

Official sources for this section

Why it matters

The outcome sets the scope of federal sentencing reform. It affects the number of eligible inmates. It defines the reach of the First Step Act.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

Official sources for this section

Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Verified official opinions and orders

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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