October Term 2004 · Docket 02-1672

Can a teacher sue for damages after a school retaliates against a Title IX complaint?

A teacher claims a school punished her for reporting sex discrimination. The school argues only administrative fixes apply.

Official caption
Jackson v. Birmingham Bd. of Ed.
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Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Mr. Dellinger argued Title IX stands alone as the only major civil rights statute permitting retaliation claims.

    Mr. Gornstein asserted administrative sanctions have never been imposed under Title IX.

    Mr. Newsom clarified the scope of the available administrative remedy.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

The case tests whether Title IX allows private lawsuits for retaliation. The teacher seeks money damages. The school seeks to limit remedies to administrative fixes.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on November 30, 2004.

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What each side wants

The teacher wants a private right to sue for money damages.

The school wants to limit remedies to administrative fixes only.

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What each side says

The teacher argues Title IX is the only major civil rights law allowing retaliation claims.

The school argues administrative sanctions have never been imposed under Title IX.

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What the justices asked

Justice O'Connor asked if the teacher sought an administrative remedy.

Justice Kennedy asked if the core issue is a private cause of action for damages.

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Why it matters

This case defines the scope of Title IX protections. It determines whether victims of retaliation can seek financial compensation. It shapes how schools handle discrimination complaints.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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