October Term 2025 · Docket 24-924

Can State Tort Law Claims Against a Military Contractor Go Forward at a Foreign War Zone?

Specialist Wesley Hencely sued Fluor Corporation under South Carolina tort law after an enemy attack on U.S. forces at Bagram Airfield. Fluor says uniquely federal interests preempt those state claims. The Supreme Court must decide whether Hencely's suit can proceed.

Official caption
Hencely v. Fluor Corp.
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  3. — An official Court opinion was verified.
  4. — An official Court opinion was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Hencely's lawyer argued that tort law remains unless Congress acts and cited a Supreme Court case upholding common law claims for conduct in Mexico.

    Fluor's lawyer argued that state law claims are preempted because they conflict with uniquely federal interests arising from an enemy attack on a foreign battlefield in time of war.

    Justices questioned the baseline rule, the role of state control over the military, and whether the Boyle precedent controls.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

The case involves a 2014 suicide bombing at Bagram Airfield in Afghanistan that killed and injured U. S. service members. Hencely sued Fluor, a contractor the Army employed there, alleging it failed to follow security requirements. The Fourth Circuit dismissed his claims, and he appealed to the Supreme Court.

Official sources for this section

How the case got here

The Army found that Fluor's disregard of key contractual requirements contributed to the bombing, according to Hencely's lawyer. Hencely sought damages under South Carolina tort law. The Fourth Circuit blocked his suit on a rationale Fluor does not defend. The case reached the Supreme Court on appeal.

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What each side wants

Hencely argues tort law remains the baseline unless Congress acts, and that courts have long allowed common law claims for conduct abroad. He says Fluor's alternative theories do not justify preemption.

Fluor argues the claims are preempted because they conflict with uniquely federal interests. Its lawyer says the case arises from an enemy attack on U. S. forces on a foreign battlefield in time of war, and state law cannot govern military operations there.

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What each side says

Justice Kavanaugh questioned what the baseline is when a suit involves a uniquely federal interest, suggesting Congress must act to allow such suits. Justice Sotomayor questioned whether 50 states can tell the military what to do, saying states cannot control military orders. Justice Thomas asked why the Supreme Court's decision in Boyle does not control the case.

The justices' questions do not indicate votes or a decision.

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What the justices asked

What is the baseline rule for state tort claims against military contractors operating abroad?

Does the Supreme Court's Boyle decision control this dispute?

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Why it matters

The ruling will shape whether service members can sue military contractors under state law for harm suffered at foreign war zones.

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What the Court decided

State-law negligence claims against a military contractor are not preempted when the government did not order or authorize the challenged conduct. Wartime combat settings alone do not bar such suits.

The Fourth Circuit's judgment was vacated and the case remanded for further proceedings.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Verified official opinions and orders

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Removed an unsupported statement that the Court had not ruled; the available source set did not establish that absence.

  3. Revision 3 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Corrected unsupported no-ruling language and clarified that the article's disposition summary is incomplete.

  4. Revision 4 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Added the holding and disposition from the verified official Court opinion.

  5. Revision 5 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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