October Term 2025 · Docket 24-813

Does Refining Wartime Gasoline for the Government Let a Company Move a Lawsuit to Federal Court?

Chevron USA says it acted for the federal government when it refined wartime gasoline, so it wants a Louisiana parish's lawsuit moved to federal court. Plaquemines Parish says the lawsuit targets ordinary business conduct and belongs in state court. The Supreme Court must decide how broadly the federal-officer removal statute reaches such cases.

Official caption
Chevron USA Inc. v. Plaquemines Parish
Latest argument session
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Decided
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  3. — An official Court opinion was verified.
  4. — An official Court opinion was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Paul Clement argued for the companies that refining wartime gasoline under federal supervision was acting under a federal officer. And That Congress broadened the removal statute in 2011 by adding the words related to, which the Supreme Court has called substantially broad.

    Mr. Aguñaga argued for the parish that the removal statute covers a civil action commenced against a person acting under a federal officer. And That the statutory text requires looking at the complaint that actually started the case.

    Justice Sotomayor pressed the companies on how they define the required connection, saying their but-for approach could let cases fall apart, and asked about an employer's strike as an example.

    Justice Thomas asked how the companies' argument would differ before 2011, and noted they admit their reading is a dramatic change to the removal statute.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

Chevron USA and other oil companies refined gasoline for the war effort under federal supervision. Plaquemines Parish sued them in Louisiana state court over their conduct. The companies removed the case to federal court under a statute allowing removal of suits against people acting under a federal officer. The lower courts rejected that removal.

Official sources for this section

How the case got here

The parish sued the companies in Louisiana state court. The companies removed the case to federal court, claiming they acted under a federal officer. The lower courts rejected that removal. The companies appealed, asking the Supreme Court to reverse and let the case proceed federally.

Official sources for this section

What each side wants

Chevron USA and the other companies want the Supreme Court to let them move the parish's lawsuit to federal court. They argue that refining wartime gasoline under federal supervision was acting under a federal officer, and that the parish's claims connect to that conduct.

Plaquemines Parish wants the lawsuit kept in state court. It argues the removal statute covers suits against people acting under federal officers, and the complaint here targets ordinary business conduct, not federal activity.

Official sources for this section

What each side says

Paul Clement, for the companies, argued that Congress broadened the removal statute in 2011 by adding the words related to. Which the Supreme Court has called substantially broad, meaning connected to or associated with. He also argued the companies did not forfeit the argument in the Fifth Circuit; they stopped pressing it after losing there.

Mr. Aguñaga, for the parish, argued that the removal statute authorizes removal of a civil action commenced against a person acting under a federal officer. And That the statutory text requires looking at the complaint that actually started the case.

Official sources for this section

What the justices asked

Justice Sotomayor pressed the companies on how they define the required connection, saying their but-for approach could let cases fall apart, and asked about an employer's strike as an example.

Justice Thomas asked how the companies' argument would differ before 2011, and noted they admit their reading is a dramatic change to the removal statute.

Official sources for this section

Why it matters

The ruling will shape when businesses sued in state court can invoke federal-officer removal based on work they performed for the government. It will also clarify how far the 2011 addition of the words related to extends that removal path.

Official sources for this section

What the Court decided

Chevron's wartime oil production is closely enough connected to its federal avgas-refining duties to satisfy the removal statute's relating to requirement, so removal was proper.

The Fifth Circuit's judgment was vacated and the case remanded for further proceedings.

Official sources for this section

Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Verified official opinions and orders

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Removed an unsupported statement that the Court had not ruled; the available source set did not establish that absence.

  3. Revision 3 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Corrected unsupported no-ruling language and clarified that the article's disposition summary is incomplete.

  4. Revision 4 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Added the holding and disposition from the verified official Court opinion.

  5. Revision 5 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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