October Term 2025 · Docket 24-781

Can a nonprofit block a subpoena for its donor lists before enforcement?

First Choice wants to block a state subpoena for its donor lists before enforcement. The state says the organization lacks standing to challenge it.

Official caption
First Choice Women's Resource Centers v. Platkin
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Decided
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  3. — An official Court opinion was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    First Choice argues the Court has long protected nonprofit membership and donor lists.

    First Choice claims the subpoena chills its associational rights.

    The state says the subpoena does not objectively chill First Amendment rights.

    The state argues New Jersey law imposes no penalties for non-production.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

First Choice is a nonprofit. A state subpoena seeks its membership and donor lists. First Choice wants to block the subpoena before enforcement. The state disputes whether the organization has standing.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on December 2, 2025.

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What each side wants

First Choice wants to block the subpoena before it is enforced.

The state wants the Court to deny First Choice standing.

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What each side says

First Choice argues the subpoena chills its associational rights.

The state argues the subpoena does not objectively chill First Amendment rights.

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What the justices asked

Justice Barrett asked whether a letter could suffice.

Justice Thomas asked what the organization must do upon receiving the subpoena. Justice Jackson asked what happens if the subpoena is invalid. Justice Kagan asked First Choice to explain the difference between its two legal theories.

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Why it matters

The outcome determines whether nonprofits can challenge subpoenas for donor lists before enforcement.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Verified official opinions and orders

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  3. Revision 3 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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