October Term 2024 · Docket 24-394
Can Oklahoma exclude religious charter schools from public funding?
Oklahoma law bars religious charter schools from receiving state funds. the sides that brought the case claim this violates the Free Exercise Clause. the opposing sides argue the schools are private entities.
Verified source milestones
- — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
- — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
- — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
- — An official Court opinion was verified.
The arguments, in order
This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.
Argument 1 ·
What happened at the argument
the sides that brought the case argue the exclusion discriminates against religious schools.
the opposing sides argue the schools are private, not state actors.
Justice Jackson questioned the board's ability to review religious curriculum.
Justice Sotomayor asked if the board must judge curriculum quality.
Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details
Sources used for this argument breakdown
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 15-25 — Transcript, file page 10, lines 15-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 51-13 — Transcript, file page 10, lines 51-13
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 31-49 — Transcript, file page 11, lines 31-49
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 55-27 — Transcript, file page 11, lines 55-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 55-7 — Transcript, file page 12, lines 55-7
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 15-41 — Transcript, file page 13, lines 15-41
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 130, lines 53-51 — Transcript, file page 130, lines 53-51
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 131, lines 53-11 — Transcript, file page 131, lines 53-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 132, lines 49-19 — Transcript, file page 132, lines 49-19
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 133, lines 51-11 — Transcript, file page 133, lines 51-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 17-17 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 17-17
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 41-43 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 41-43
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 45-25 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 45-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 135, lines 43-1 — Transcript, file page 135, lines 43-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 21-25 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 21-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 9-11 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 9-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 137, lines 37-37 — Transcript, file page 137, lines 37-37
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 137, lines 39-53 — Transcript, file page 137, lines 39-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 139, lines 41-45 — Transcript, file page 139, lines 41-45
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 19-35 — Transcript, file page 14, lines 19-35
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 53-37 — Transcript, file page 14, lines 53-37
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 142, lines 19-37 — Transcript, file page 142, lines 19-37
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 149, lines 11-43 — Transcript, file page 149, lines 11-43
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 35-13 — Transcript, file page 16, lines 35-13
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 19-31 — Transcript, file page 44, lines 19-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 11-23 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 11-23
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 25-9 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 25-9
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 55-53 — Transcript, file page 66, lines 55-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 55-13 — Transcript, file page 67, lines 55-13
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 69, lines 23-31 — Transcript, file page 69, lines 23-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 69, lines 43-47 — Transcript, file page 69, lines 43-47
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 11-29 — Transcript, file page 7, lines 11-29
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 70, lines 15-15 — Transcript, file page 70, lines 15-15
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 70, lines 21-31 — Transcript, file page 70, lines 21-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 70, lines 9-9 — Transcript, file page 70, lines 9-9
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 71, lines 25-27 — Transcript, file page 71, lines 25-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 72, lines 13-29 — Transcript, file page 72, lines 13-29
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 73, lines 31-47 — Transcript, file page 73, lines 31-47
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 13-27 — Transcript, file page 74, lines 13-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 39-41 — Transcript, file page 74, lines 39-41
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 53-53 — Transcript, file page 74, lines 53-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 89, lines 33-45 — Transcript, file page 89, lines 33-45
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 11-21 — Transcript, file page 9, lines 11-21
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 43-51 — Transcript, file page 9, lines 43-51
A citizen's guide to the whole case
What this case is about
Oklahoma law excludes religious charter schools from state funding. the sides that brought the case argue this violates the Free Exercise Clause. the opposing sides argue the schools are private entities. The Court must decide if the exclusion is constitutional.
Official sources for this section
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 130, lines 53-51 — Transcript, file page 130, lines 53-51
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 149, lines 11-43 — Transcript, file page 149, lines 11-43
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 19-31 — Transcript, file page 44, lines 19-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 25-9 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 25-9
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 55-53 — Transcript, file page 66, lines 55-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 89, lines 33-45 — Transcript, file page 89, lines 33-45
How the case got here
The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on April 30, 2025.
Official sources for this section
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 142, lines 19-37 — Transcript, file page 142, lines 19-37
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 11-23 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 11-23
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 69, lines 43-47 — Transcript, file page 69, lines 43-47
What each side wants
the sides that brought the case want the Court to strike down the funding exclusion.
the opposing sides want the Court to uphold the funding exclusion.
Official sources for this section
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 130, lines 53-51 — Transcript, file page 130, lines 53-51
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 149, lines 11-43 — Transcript, file page 149, lines 11-43
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 19-31 — Transcript, file page 44, lines 19-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 25-9 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 25-9
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 55-53 — Transcript, file page 66, lines 55-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 89, lines 33-45 — Transcript, file page 89, lines 33-45
What each side says
the sides that brought the case argue the exclusion violates the Free Exercise Clause.
the opposing sides argue the schools are private entities, not state actors.
Official sources for this section
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 130, lines 53-51 — Transcript, file page 130, lines 53-51
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 149, lines 11-43 — Transcript, file page 149, lines 11-43
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 19-31 — Transcript, file page 44, lines 19-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 25-9 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 25-9
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 55-53 — Transcript, file page 66, lines 55-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 89, lines 33-45 — Transcript, file page 89, lines 33-45
What the justices asked
Justice Jackson asked how the board reviews religious curriculum.
Justice Sotomayor asked if the board must judge curriculum quality.
Official sources for this section
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 15-25 — Transcript, file page 10, lines 15-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 51-13 — Transcript, file page 10, lines 51-13
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 31-49 — Transcript, file page 11, lines 31-49
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 55-27 — Transcript, file page 11, lines 55-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 55-7 — Transcript, file page 12, lines 55-7
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 15-41 — Transcript, file page 13, lines 15-41
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 131, lines 53-11 — Transcript, file page 131, lines 53-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 132, lines 49-19 — Transcript, file page 132, lines 49-19
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 133, lines 51-11 — Transcript, file page 133, lines 51-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 17-17 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 17-17
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 41-43 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 41-43
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 45-25 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 45-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 135, lines 43-1 — Transcript, file page 135, lines 43-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 21-25 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 21-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 9-11 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 9-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 137, lines 37-37 — Transcript, file page 137, lines 37-37
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 137, lines 39-53 — Transcript, file page 137, lines 39-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 139, lines 41-45 — Transcript, file page 139, lines 41-45
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 19-35 — Transcript, file page 14, lines 19-35
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 53-37 — Transcript, file page 14, lines 53-37
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 35-13 — Transcript, file page 16, lines 35-13
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 55-13 — Transcript, file page 67, lines 55-13
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 69, lines 23-31 — Transcript, file page 69, lines 23-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 69, lines 43-47 — Transcript, file page 69, lines 43-47
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 11-29 — Transcript, file page 7, lines 11-29
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 70, lines 15-15 — Transcript, file page 70, lines 15-15
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 70, lines 21-31 — Transcript, file page 70, lines 21-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 70, lines 9-9 — Transcript, file page 70, lines 9-9
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 71, lines 25-27 — Transcript, file page 71, lines 25-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 72, lines 13-29 — Transcript, file page 72, lines 13-29
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 73, lines 31-47 — Transcript, file page 73, lines 31-47
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 13-27 — Transcript, file page 74, lines 13-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 39-41 — Transcript, file page 74, lines 39-41
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 53-53 — Transcript, file page 74, lines 53-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 11-21 — Transcript, file page 9, lines 11-21
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 43-51 — Transcript, file page 9, lines 43-51
Why it matters
The decision determines whether religious schools can access public funds. It affects the scope of state oversight over private education. It clarifies the balance between free exercise and establishment principles.
Official sources for this section
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 130, lines 53-51 — Transcript, file page 130, lines 53-51
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 149, lines 11-43 — Transcript, file page 149, lines 11-43
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 19-31 — Transcript, file page 44, lines 19-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 25-9 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 25-9
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 55-53 — Transcript, file page 66, lines 55-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 89, lines 33-45 — Transcript, file page 89, lines 33-45
What happens next
This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.
Official sources for this section
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 15-25 — Transcript, file page 10, lines 15-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 51-13 — Transcript, file page 10, lines 51-13
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 31-49 — Transcript, file page 11, lines 31-49
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 55-27 — Transcript, file page 11, lines 55-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 55-7 — Transcript, file page 12, lines 55-7
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 15-41 — Transcript, file page 13, lines 15-41
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 131, lines 53-11 — Transcript, file page 131, lines 53-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 132, lines 49-19 — Transcript, file page 132, lines 49-19
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 133, lines 51-11 — Transcript, file page 133, lines 51-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 17-17 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 17-17
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 41-43 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 41-43
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 45-25 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 45-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 135, lines 43-1 — Transcript, file page 135, lines 43-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 21-25 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 21-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 9-11 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 9-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 137, lines 37-37 — Transcript, file page 137, lines 37-37
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 137, lines 39-53 — Transcript, file page 137, lines 39-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 139, lines 41-45 — Transcript, file page 139, lines 41-45
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 19-35 — Transcript, file page 14, lines 19-35
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 53-37 — Transcript, file page 14, lines 53-37
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 142, lines 19-37 — Transcript, file page 142, lines 19-37
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 35-13 — Transcript, file page 16, lines 35-13
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 11-23 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 11-23
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 55-13 — Transcript, file page 67, lines 55-13
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 69, lines 23-31 — Transcript, file page 69, lines 23-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 69, lines 43-47 — Transcript, file page 69, lines 43-47
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 11-29 — Transcript, file page 7, lines 11-29
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 70, lines 15-15 — Transcript, file page 70, lines 15-15
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 70, lines 21-31 — Transcript, file page 70, lines 21-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 70, lines 9-9 — Transcript, file page 70, lines 9-9
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 71, lines 25-27 — Transcript, file page 71, lines 25-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 72, lines 13-29 — Transcript, file page 72, lines 13-29
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 73, lines 31-47 — Transcript, file page 73, lines 31-47
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 13-27 — Transcript, file page 74, lines 13-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 39-41 — Transcript, file page 74, lines 39-41
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 53-53 — Transcript, file page 74, lines 53-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 11-21 — Transcript, file page 9, lines 11-21
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 43-51 — Transcript, file page 9, lines 43-51
Official Court provenance
Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page
Verified official opinions and orders
Title and summary sources
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 130, lines 53-51 — Transcript, file page 130, lines 53-51
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 149, lines 11-43 — Transcript, file page 149, lines 11-43
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 19-31 — Transcript, file page 44, lines 19-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 25-9 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 25-9
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 55-53 — Transcript, file page 66, lines 55-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 89, lines 33-45 — Transcript, file page 89, lines 33-45
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 130, lines 53-51 — Transcript, file page 130, lines 53-51
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 149, lines 11-43 — Transcript, file page 149, lines 11-43
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 44, lines 19-31 — Transcript, file page 44, lines 19-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 25-9 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 25-9
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 55-53 — Transcript, file page 66, lines 55-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 89, lines 33-45 — Transcript, file page 89, lines 33-45
Revision history
- Revision 1 · Post Opinion ·
Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.
- Revision 2 · Post Opinion ·
Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.