October Term 2024 · Docket 23-824

Does the bankruptcy code waive state sovereign immunity for trustee avoidance claims?

The dispute centers on whether federal bankruptcy law overrides state immunity for specific trustee actions.

Official caption
United States v. Miller
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Decided
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official Court opinion was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Ms. Dubin argued the trustee relies on a different code provision because the primary claim is time-barred.

    Ms. Blatt argued the waiver language directly relates to the avoidance powers in the code.

    Ms. Dubin asserted the trustee has an array of avoidance powers under the Bankruptcy Code.

    Justice Gorsuch noted the language supporting the side that brought the case's view is not present in the specific statute.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

The case tests the scope of a federal waiver of state sovereign immunity in bankruptcy proceedings.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on December 2, 2024.

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What each side wants

the side that brought the case wants the court to allow the trustee to use state law claims despite state immunity.

the opposing side wants the court to block the trustee from using state law claims against the state.

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What each side says

the side that brought the case argues the federal waiver covers all related avoidance powers, including state law claims.

the opposing side argues the waiver only covers specific federal powers and does not reach state law claims.

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What the justices asked

Justice Barrett asked if the side that brought the case's reading raises a constitutional question about state immunity.

Justice Gorsuch asked if the trustee steps into the shoes of a normal creditor under the statute.

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Why it matters

The outcome defines the boundary between federal bankruptcy authority and state sovereign immunity.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Verified official opinions and orders

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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