October Term 2024 · Docket 23-1122
Does Texas age verification law violate First Amendment rights?
the sides that brought the case claim the law burdens adult speech. Texas argues it protects minors.
Verified source milestones
- — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
- — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
- — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
- — An official Court opinion was verified.
The arguments, in order
This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.
Argument 1 ·
What happened at the argument
Mr. Fletcher argued strict scrutiny applies to the law.
Mr. Shaffer argued the Fifth Circuit used the wrong standard.
Justice Barrett noted technology changes faster than legal records.
Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details
Sources used for this argument breakdown
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 27-13 — Transcript, file page 10, lines 27-13
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 105, lines 47-25 — Transcript, file page 105, lines 47-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 39-41 — Transcript, file page 11, lines 39-41
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 35-41 — Transcript, file page 12, lines 35-41
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 53-1 — Transcript, file page 12, lines 53-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 120, lines 11-11 — Transcript, file page 120, lines 11-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 19-33 — Transcript, file page 13, lines 19-33
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 47-7 — Transcript, file page 13, lines 47-7
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 133, lines 53-25 — Transcript, file page 133, lines 53-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 27-27 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 27-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 29-51 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 29-51
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 135, lines 13-23 — Transcript, file page 135, lines 13-23
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 135, lines 29-35 — Transcript, file page 135, lines 29-35
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 135, lines 41-51 — Transcript, file page 135, lines 41-51
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 135, lines 9-11 — Transcript, file page 135, lines 9-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 23-33 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 23-33
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 41-49 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 41-49
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 7-17 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 7-17
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 137, lines 53-15 — Transcript, file page 137, lines 53-15
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 139, lines 19-29 — Transcript, file page 139, lines 19-29
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 139, lines 31-47 — Transcript, file page 139, lines 31-47
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 23-47 — Transcript, file page 14, lines 23-47
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 146, lines 31-33 — Transcript, file page 146, lines 31-33
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 37-45 — Transcript, file page 15, lines 37-45
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 11-21 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 11-21
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 23-25 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 23-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 63, lines 39-1 — Transcript, file page 63, lines 39-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 55-1 — Transcript, file page 67, lines 55-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 27-29 — Transcript, file page 7, lines 27-29
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 37-39 — Transcript, file page 7, lines 37-39
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 53-1 — Transcript, file page 7, lines 53-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 71, lines 7-23 — Transcript, file page 71, lines 7-23
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 72, lines 17-21 — Transcript, file page 72, lines 17-21
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 72, lines 39-41 — Transcript, file page 72, lines 39-41
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 72, lines 51-9 — Transcript, file page 72, lines 51-9
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 73, lines 13-21 — Transcript, file page 73, lines 13-21
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 73, lines 55-13 — Transcript, file page 73, lines 55-13
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 51-23 — Transcript, file page 74, lines 51-23
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 75, lines 27-39 — Transcript, file page 75, lines 27-39
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 76, lines 51-21 — Transcript, file page 76, lines 51-21
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 78, lines 35-47 — Transcript, file page 78, lines 35-47
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 78, lines 7-31 — Transcript, file page 78, lines 7-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 79, lines 51-53 — Transcript, file page 79, lines 51-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 19-47 — Transcript, file page 9, lines 19-47
A citizen's guide to the whole case
What this case is about
Texas requires age checks for adult sites. the sides that brought the case say this burdens protected speech. Texas says it serves a compelling interest.
Official sources for this section
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 105, lines 47-25 — Transcript, file page 105, lines 47-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 120, lines 11-11 — Transcript, file page 120, lines 11-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 27-27 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 27-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 146, lines 31-33 — Transcript, file page 146, lines 31-33
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 23-25 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 23-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 63, lines 39-1 — Transcript, file page 63, lines 39-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 55-1 — Transcript, file page 67, lines 55-1
How the case got here
The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on January 15, 2025.
Official sources for this section
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 41-49 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 41-49
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 11-21 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 11-21
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 78, lines 35-47 — Transcript, file page 78, lines 35-47
What each side wants
the sides that brought the case want the Court to strike down the law.
Texas wants the Court to uphold the law.
Official sources for this section
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 105, lines 47-25 — Transcript, file page 105, lines 47-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 120, lines 11-11 — Transcript, file page 120, lines 11-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 27-27 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 27-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 146, lines 31-33 — Transcript, file page 146, lines 31-33
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 23-25 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 23-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 63, lines 39-1 — Transcript, file page 63, lines 39-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 55-1 — Transcript, file page 67, lines 55-1
What each side says
the sides that brought the case argue the law imposes a content-based burden.
Texas argues the law serves a compelling state interest.
Official sources for this section
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 105, lines 47-25 — Transcript, file page 105, lines 47-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 120, lines 11-11 — Transcript, file page 120, lines 11-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 27-27 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 27-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 146, lines 31-33 — Transcript, file page 146, lines 31-33
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 23-25 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 23-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 63, lines 39-1 — Transcript, file page 63, lines 39-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 55-1 — Transcript, file page 67, lines 55-1
What the justices asked
Justice Alito asked if legislative bias invalidates the law.
Justice Kavanaugh asked if content filtering achieves the same interest.
Official sources for this section
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 27-13 — Transcript, file page 10, lines 27-13
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 39-41 — Transcript, file page 11, lines 39-41
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 35-41 — Transcript, file page 12, lines 35-41
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 53-1 — Transcript, file page 12, lines 53-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 19-33 — Transcript, file page 13, lines 19-33
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 47-7 — Transcript, file page 13, lines 47-7
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 133, lines 53-25 — Transcript, file page 133, lines 53-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 29-51 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 29-51
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 135, lines 13-23 — Transcript, file page 135, lines 13-23
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 135, lines 29-35 — Transcript, file page 135, lines 29-35
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 135, lines 41-51 — Transcript, file page 135, lines 41-51
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 135, lines 9-11 — Transcript, file page 135, lines 9-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 23-33 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 23-33
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 41-49 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 41-49
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 7-17 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 7-17
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 137, lines 53-15 — Transcript, file page 137, lines 53-15
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 139, lines 19-29 — Transcript, file page 139, lines 19-29
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 139, lines 31-47 — Transcript, file page 139, lines 31-47
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 23-47 — Transcript, file page 14, lines 23-47
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 37-45 — Transcript, file page 15, lines 37-45
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 27-29 — Transcript, file page 7, lines 27-29
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 37-39 — Transcript, file page 7, lines 37-39
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 53-1 — Transcript, file page 7, lines 53-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 71, lines 7-23 — Transcript, file page 71, lines 7-23
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 72, lines 17-21 — Transcript, file page 72, lines 17-21
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 72, lines 39-41 — Transcript, file page 72, lines 39-41
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 72, lines 51-9 — Transcript, file page 72, lines 51-9
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 73, lines 13-21 — Transcript, file page 73, lines 13-21
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 73, lines 55-13 — Transcript, file page 73, lines 55-13
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 51-23 — Transcript, file page 74, lines 51-23
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 75, lines 27-39 — Transcript, file page 75, lines 27-39
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 76, lines 51-21 — Transcript, file page 76, lines 51-21
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 78, lines 35-47 — Transcript, file page 78, lines 35-47
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 78, lines 7-31 — Transcript, file page 78, lines 7-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 79, lines 51-53 — Transcript, file page 79, lines 51-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 19-47 — Transcript, file page 9, lines 19-47
Why it matters
This case defines the scope of state power to regulate online speech. It balances adult expression against child safety. The outcome shapes future digital privacy laws.
Official sources for this section
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 105, lines 47-25 — Transcript, file page 105, lines 47-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 120, lines 11-11 — Transcript, file page 120, lines 11-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 27-27 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 27-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 146, lines 31-33 — Transcript, file page 146, lines 31-33
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 23-25 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 23-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 63, lines 39-1 — Transcript, file page 63, lines 39-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 55-1 — Transcript, file page 67, lines 55-1
What happens next
This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.
Official sources for this section
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 27-13 — Transcript, file page 10, lines 27-13
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 39-41 — Transcript, file page 11, lines 39-41
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 35-41 — Transcript, file page 12, lines 35-41
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 53-1 — Transcript, file page 12, lines 53-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 19-33 — Transcript, file page 13, lines 19-33
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 47-7 — Transcript, file page 13, lines 47-7
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 133, lines 53-25 — Transcript, file page 133, lines 53-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 29-51 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 29-51
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 135, lines 13-23 — Transcript, file page 135, lines 13-23
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 135, lines 29-35 — Transcript, file page 135, lines 29-35
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 135, lines 41-51 — Transcript, file page 135, lines 41-51
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 135, lines 9-11 — Transcript, file page 135, lines 9-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 23-33 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 23-33
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 41-49 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 41-49
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 136, lines 7-17 — Transcript, file page 136, lines 7-17
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 137, lines 53-15 — Transcript, file page 137, lines 53-15
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 139, lines 19-29 — Transcript, file page 139, lines 19-29
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 139, lines 31-47 — Transcript, file page 139, lines 31-47
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 23-47 — Transcript, file page 14, lines 23-47
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 37-45 — Transcript, file page 15, lines 37-45
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 11-21 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 11-21
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 27-29 — Transcript, file page 7, lines 27-29
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 37-39 — Transcript, file page 7, lines 37-39
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 53-1 — Transcript, file page 7, lines 53-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 71, lines 7-23 — Transcript, file page 71, lines 7-23
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 72, lines 17-21 — Transcript, file page 72, lines 17-21
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 72, lines 39-41 — Transcript, file page 72, lines 39-41
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 72, lines 51-9 — Transcript, file page 72, lines 51-9
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 73, lines 13-21 — Transcript, file page 73, lines 13-21
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 73, lines 55-13 — Transcript, file page 73, lines 55-13
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 51-23 — Transcript, file page 74, lines 51-23
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 75, lines 27-39 — Transcript, file page 75, lines 27-39
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 76, lines 51-21 — Transcript, file page 76, lines 51-21
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 78, lines 35-47 — Transcript, file page 78, lines 35-47
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 78, lines 7-31 — Transcript, file page 78, lines 7-31
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 79, lines 51-53 — Transcript, file page 79, lines 51-53
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 19-47 — Transcript, file page 9, lines 19-47
Official Court provenance
Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page
Verified official opinions and orders
Title and summary sources
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 105, lines 47-25 — Transcript, file page 105, lines 47-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 120, lines 11-11 — Transcript, file page 120, lines 11-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 27-27 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 27-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 146, lines 31-33 — Transcript, file page 146, lines 31-33
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 23-25 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 23-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 63, lines 39-1 — Transcript, file page 63, lines 39-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 55-1 — Transcript, file page 67, lines 55-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 105, lines 47-25 — Transcript, file page 105, lines 47-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 120, lines 11-11 — Transcript, file page 120, lines 11-11
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 134, lines 27-27 — Transcript, file page 134, lines 27-27
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 146, lines 31-33 — Transcript, file page 146, lines 31-33
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 23-25 — Transcript, file page 5, lines 23-25
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 63, lines 39-1 — Transcript, file page 63, lines 39-1
- Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 55-1 — Transcript, file page 67, lines 55-1
Revision history
- Revision 1 · Post Opinion ·
Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.
- Revision 2 · Post Opinion ·
Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.