October Term 2023 · Docket 22-899

Can a substitute expert testify to another analyst's lab results?

The dispute centers on whether a substitute expert may relay another analyst's lab results without violating the Sixth Amendment.

Official caption
Smith v. Arizona
Latest argument session
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Decided
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  3. — An official Court opinion was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Smith's counsel argued the substitute expert conveyed out-of-court testimonial statements without personal knowledge.

    Arizona's counsel argued the testimony was not offered to prove the truth of the matter asserted.

    Justice Alito noted that competent defense counsel could have requested a judgment of acquittal based on evidence.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

Jason Smith argues the state violated his confrontation rights. The state argues the testimony did not prove truth.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on January 10, 2024.

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What each side wants

Smith wants the conviction overturned because a substitute expert relayed another analyst's statements.

Arizona wants the conviction to stand because the testimony did not prove the truth of the matter.

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What each side says

Smith argues the substitute expert lacked personal knowledge of the testing performed by the original analyst.

Arizona argues evidence not offered for the truth of the matter asserted does not implicate the Confrontation Clause.

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What the justices asked

Chief Justice Roberts asked why defense counsel could not simply question the substitute expert about the lab work.

Justice Thomas asked why the statements are testimonial and how they differ from the report in Williams.

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Why it matters

This case defines the limits of expert testimony in criminal trials. It determines whether defendants can cross-examine the actual analyst who performed the testing. The outcome shapes the scope of the Sixth Amendment right to confront witnesses.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Verified official opinions and orders

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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