October Term 2023 · Docket 22-611

Does a public official's social media post count as government speech?

A city manager claims his online posts violated a resident's rights. The resident argues the posts were private speech.

Official caption
Lindke v. Freed
Latest argument session
Latest official Court activity
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Decided
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  3. — An official Court opinion was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    the side that brought the case argued social media acts as a town square.

    the opposing side argued government employees need free speech rights.

    The government argued the duty or authority test applies.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

The case tests when a public official's social media activity becomes state action. the side that brought the case argues the posts served a public function. the opposing side argues the posts were personal expression.

Official sources for this section

How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on October 31, 2023.

Official sources for this section

What each side wants

the side that brought the case wants the Court to find the posts were state action.

the opposing side wants the Court to find the posts were private speech.

Official sources for this section

What each side says

the side that brought the case argues the posts served a public duty.

the opposing side argues the posts were personal and private.

Official sources for this section

What the justices asked

Justice Jackson asked if the page contained personal photos.

Justice Alito asked about the percentage of work-related posts.

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Why it matters

This case defines the boundary between public and private speech. It affects how officials use social media. It shapes the rights of government employees.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

Official sources for this section

Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Verified official opinions and orders

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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