October Term 2022 · Docket 21-887

Must parents exhaust IDEA remedies before suing for ADA damages?

Parents seek ADA damages after settling an IDEA claim. Schools argue this path violates federal law.

Official caption
Perez v. Sturgis Public Schools
Latest argument session
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  3. — An official Court opinion was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Mr. Martinez argued the district neglected Miguel for twelve years.

    Mr. Martinez claimed the district lied to his parents about progress.

    Mr. Yang argued the side that brought the case followed the correct legal path.

    Mr. Yang stated the side that brought the case settled the IDEA claim first. He then filed the ADA action for damages. He claimed he could not get those damages under the IDEA. Mr. Dvoretzky argued Congress channeled FAPE denial claims through IDEA procedures. He stated Congress wanted parents to use those specific procedures. He noted the default rule applies to post-settlement questions.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

This case tests whether a parent must finish all IDEA steps before suing for ADA damages. The dispute centers on the interaction between two federal education laws.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on January 18, 2023.

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What each side wants

Parents want to keep their ADA damages claim after settling the IDEA claim.

Schools want the court to dismiss the ADA damages claim.

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What each side says

Parents argue the ADA claim seeks different relief than the IDEA claim.

Schools argue Congress channeled all FAPE denial claims through IDEA exhaustion.

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What the justices asked

Justice Thomas asked if a progression of remedies implies exhaustion.

Justice Jackson asked if the statute contemplates parallel proceedings.

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Why it matters

This case defines the boundary between IDEA and ADA remedies. It determines how parents access compensatory damages for educational failures. It shapes the procedural path for future disability education disputes.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Verified official opinions and orders

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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