October Term 2021 · Docket 20-5279

Do crimes in one episode count as separate occasions?

The dispute centers on whether the Armed Career Criminal Act treats crimes in a single episode as separate occasions.

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Wooden v. United States
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  3. — An official Court opinion was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Kedem argued the statute excludes crimes in a single criminal episode.

    Ross argued the government rule follows the statutory text faithfully.

    Kedem claimed the essential elements test differs from current appellate practice.

    Ross conceded the point about the test's description in the brief.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

The case tests how courts count prior crimes for enhanced sentencing.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on October 4, 2021.

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What each side wants

Wooden wants the Court to reject counting crimes from one episode as separate occasions.

The United States wants the Court to allow counting crimes from one episode as separate occasions.

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What each side says

Wooden argues the statute excludes crimes committed in a single criminal episode.

The United States argues crimes count as separate when their essential conduct elements differ.

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What the justices asked

Justice Kagan questioned the clarity of the totality of the circumstances test.

Justice Alito asked why specific days count as the same episode and opportunity.

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Why it matters

The outcome defines how judges count prior crimes for mandatory minimum sentences.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Verified official opinions and orders

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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