October Term 2020 · Docket 19-783

Does using valid credentials to access restricted data violate the CFAA?

The dispute centers on whether an employee who uses valid credentials to access data they are barred from viewing commits a federal crime.

Official caption
Van Buren v. United States
Latest argument session
Latest official Court activity
Latest verified event
Decided
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  3. — An official Court opinion was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    the side that brought the case's counsel emphasized the plain text of the statute.

    The government's counsel argued against atextual interpretations to avoid hypotheticals.

    argument_detail

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

The case tests the scope of the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act. the side that brought the case argues the law targets only unauthorized entry. The government argues it also covers misuse of valid access.

Official sources for this section

How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on November 30, 2020.

Official sources for this section

What each side wants

the side that brought the case wants the conviction overturned because the law targets only unauthorized entry.

The government wants the conviction upheld because the law covers misuse of valid access.

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What each side says

the side that brought the case argues the statute prohibits only accessing computers without permission.

The government argues the statute prohibits using valid access for unauthorized purposes.

Official sources for this section

What the justices asked

Justice Breyer asked how the current language differs from earlier statutes.

Justice Thomas asked if accessing higher-level data exceeds authorization limits.

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Why it matters

The outcome defines the criminal reach of federal computer fraud laws. It determines whether routine workplace data misuse becomes a federal crime.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

Official sources for this section

Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Verified official opinions and orders

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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