October Term 2020 · Docket 19-438

Who decides if a foreign conviction matches a U.S. crime definition?

The dispute centers on whether judges or juries determine if a foreign conviction fits a U.S. legal definition.

Official caption
Pereida v. Barr
Latest argument session
Latest official Court activity
Latest verified event
Decided
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  3. — An official Court opinion was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    the side that brought the case argued that statutory ambiguity must resolve in his favor.

    The government argued that the statutory text places the burden of proof on the alien.

    the side that brought the case agreed this is an issue of statutory interpretation.

    The government stated that the text answers the main legal question.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

This case tests who decides if a foreign conviction matches a U.S. crime definition. the side that brought the case argues judges must resolve ambiguity in his favor. The government argues juries decide factual questions about the conviction.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on October 14, 2020.

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What each side wants

the side that brought the case wants the Court to rule that judges resolve ambiguity in his favor.

The government wants the Court to rule that juries decide factual questions about the conviction.

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What each side says

the side that brought the case argues statutory ambiguity must flow to his favor under existing case law.

The government argues determining if a person committed a specific crime is a factual question.

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What the justices asked

Justice Sotomayor asked if ambiguity in the conviction definition automatically favors the side that brought the case.

Justice Alito asked if determining whether a person was convicted of a crime is a factual question.

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Why it matters

This case determines who decides if a foreign conviction matches a U.S. crime definition. It affects how courts handle ambiguous foreign criminal records. It shapes the balance between judicial interpretation and jury fact-finding in immigration cases.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Verified official opinions and orders

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Post Opinion ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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