October Term 2019 · Docket 18-882

Does age discrimination require proof that age was the sole cause of a personnel action?

the sides that brought the case seek a remedy for age bias without proving it was the sole cause. the opposing sides argue the law requires that specific proof.

Official caption
Babb v. Wilkie
Latest argument session
Latest official Court activity
Latest verified event
Argued
Sources analyzed through
Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Mr. Martinez argued the statute tracks Title VII text.

    General Francisco argued the law adopts but-for causation.

    Justice Kavanaugh questioned the consistency of the causation standard.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

This case tests the standard for proving age discrimination in federal employment. the sides that brought the case argue the statute bans any action influenced by age. the opposing sides argue the statute requires age to be the decisive factor.

Official sources for this section

How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on January 15, 2020.

Official sources for this section

What each side wants

the sides that brought the case want a remedy if age influenced the action.

the opposing sides want dismissal unless age was the sole cause.

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What each side says

the sides that brought the case argue the text bans any action based on age.

the opposing sides argue the text requires but-for causation.

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What the justices asked

Justice Gorsuch asked about alternative remedies.

Justice Ginsburg asked who would receive training.

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Why it matters

The outcome defines the burden of proof for federal employees. It determines whether age bias alone triggers liability. This standard affects all federal personnel actions.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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