October Term 2019 · Docket 18-7739

Does arguing for a lower sentence preserve a reasonableness claim for appeal?

The dispute centers on whether a defendant must explicitly object to a specific sentence to preserve a substantive reasonableness argument for appellate review.

Official caption
Holguin-Hernandez v. United States
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Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Ms. Turner argued that Rule 51 requires parties to state desired actions when a ruling is made.

    She contended that telling the court the desired action preserves the claim without needing a second objection.

    Ms. Ratner clarified what is preserved when a defendant argues for a lower sentence than received.

    She outlined three key points regarding the preservation of sentencing arguments under current rules.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

This case examines the procedural requirements for preserving sentencing errors. The core issue is whether a defendant's argument for a lower sentence automatically preserves a claim that the final sentence is substantively unreasonable.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on December 10, 2019.

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What each side wants

the side that brought the case wants the Court to rule that arguing for a lower sentence preserves a reasonableness claim for appeal.

The government wants the Court to rule that a party must explicitly object to the final sentence to preserve a reasonableness claim.

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What each side says

the side that brought the case argues that Rule 51 requires parties to state desired actions, and arguing for a lower sentence satisfies this requirement without needing a second objection.

The government argues that a party must specifically object to the final sentence to preserve a substantive reasonableness argument for appellate review.

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What the justices asked

Justice Alito asked if the parsimony principle identifies one precise correct sentence in every case.

Justice Ginsburg asked if counsel argued for a preferred sentence without claiming other sentences were excessive.

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Why it matters

This case defines the procedural steps defendants must take to challenge sentencing errors. It clarifies the scope of Rule 51 in criminal proceedings. The outcome affects how courts handle sentencing appeals. It determines whether silence waives substantive reasonableness claims. This impacts the finality of criminal sentences. It shapes the burden on defendants during sentencing hearings.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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