October Term 2019 · Docket 18-1501

Does SEC disgorgement count as a penalty?

the sides that brought the case argue disgorgement is a penalty. The SEC argues it is equitable relief.

Official caption
Liu v. SEC
Latest argument session
Latest official Court activity
Latest verified event
Argued
Sources analyzed through
Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    the sides that brought the case claim disgorgement is a penalty under Kokesh.

    The SEC claims disgorgement is equitable relief for victims.

    Justice Alito questioned if Congress meant to incorporate old equity rules.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

The case tests whether disgorgement is a penalty or equitable relief.

Official sources for this section

How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on March 3, 2020.

Official sources for this section

What each side wants

the sides that brought the case want the Court to strike the disgorgement order.

The SEC wants the Court to keep the disgorgement order.

Official sources for this section

What each side says

the sides that brought the case argue disgorgement is a penalty requiring statutory authorization.

The SEC argues disgorgement is equitable relief for investors.

Official sources for this section

What the justices asked

Justice Ginsburg asked if Kokesh limited the penalty label to statutes of limitations.

Justice Sotomayor asked about statutes granting equitable relief for investors.

Official sources for this section

Why it matters

This case defines the scope of SEC enforcement powers. It determines whether disgorgement requires specific statutory approval. It affects how agencies recover funds from violators.

Official sources for this section

What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

Official sources for this section

Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

Download this sanitized case as JSON