October Term 2019 · Docket 18-1116

Does actual knowledge require reading the notice?

The dispute centers on whether a plaintiff must read a notice to start the three-year clock for filing a breach of fiduciary duty claim.

Official caption
Intel Corp. Investment Policy Comm. v. Sulyma
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Verrilli argued the three-year limit starts when the plaintiff first had actual knowledge.

    Guarnieri argued the plain language requires actual knowledge to start the clock.

    Wessler argued Congress meant actual knowledge to mean real awareness by the plaintiff.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

This case tests the meaning of actual knowledge in ERISA. the sides that brought the case argue the clock starts when a notice is sent. the opposing side argues the clock starts only when the plaintiff reads it.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on December 4, 2019.

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What each side wants

the sides that brought the case want the three-year clock to start when the notice is sent.

the opposing side wants the three-year clock to start only when he reads the notice.

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What each side says

the sides that brought the case argue the statute requires actual knowledge, which they define as receiving the notice.

the opposing side argues actual knowledge means real awareness, which requires reading the document.

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What the justices asked

Justice Ginsburg asked how actual knowledge works if many people do not read mailings.

Justice Kavanaugh asked how a person can have actual knowledge without reading the notice.

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Why it matters

This case defines when the statute of limitations begins. It determines whether unread notices trigger the filing deadline. It affects how long employees have to sue for retirement plan breaches.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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