October Term 2018 · Docket 17-571

Does filing a copyright application allow a lawsuit before the government acts?

Copyright holders dispute whether filing an application or receiving a government decision starts the clock for suing infringers.

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Fourth Estate Pub. Benefit Corp. v. Wall-Street.com, LLC
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Mr. Panner argued the phrase in Section 411(a) refers to the copyright owner's action.

    Mr. Stris argued the Register must make a registration determination before an applicant can sue.

    Chief Justice Roberts noted the second sentence of Section 411(a) discusses refused registration.

    Justice Breyer compared the situation to hiring an unapproved plumber for home repairs.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

The case tests the meaning of a specific phrase in the Copyright Act. One side argues the phrase refers to the owner's filing action. The other side argues it requires a government decision first.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on January 8, 2019.

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What each side wants

the side that brought the case wants the Court to rule that filing an application satisfies the legal requirement to sue.

the opposing side wants the Court to rule that a government decision is required before a lawsuit can begin.

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What each side says

the side that brought the case argues the statutory text links the phrase to the copyright owner's compliance with filing rules.

the opposing side argues the statutory text requires the Register of Copyrights to make a determination before suit.

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What the justices asked

Justice Breyer asked if driving with an expired license is like suing after filing an application.

Justice Sotomayor asked if a suit requires accepted registration before proceeding in court.

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Why it matters

This dispute defines when copyright owners can enforce their rights in federal court. It sets the procedural trigger for all future infringement litigation. The outcome shapes the balance between administrative processing and private legal remedies.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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