October Term 2018 · Docket 17-290

Can a jury punish a drug maker for failing to warn when the FDA rejected the proposed label change?

Merck argues federal law blocks state failure-to-warn claims when the FDA rejects a proposed label change. Albrecht argues state law still allows such claims.

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Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. v. Albrecht
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Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Mr. Stewart argued the Court must distinguish between two types of confusion.

    Mr. Dvoretzky argued the FDA ignored the risk because it disliked Merck's phrasing.

    Mr. Frederick argued brand-name drug makers must keep labels up to date at all times.

    Justice Gorsuch asked about the period after the March 2010 letter when the FDA launched an investigation.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

This case tests whether federal law preempts state failure-to-warn claims. Merck argues the FDA rejected its proposed warning. Albrecht argues state law still allows the claim.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on January 7, 2019.

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What each side wants

Merck wants the Court to bar the state failure-to-warn claim.

Albrecht wants the Court to allow the state failure-to-warn claim.

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What each side says

Merck argues federal law preempts the state claim because the FDA rejected the warning.

Albrecht argues state law permits the claim because the FDA did not approve the warning.

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What the justices asked

Justice Kagan asked about the data provided regarding ovarian cysts.

Chief Justice Roberts asked where the record mentions atypical fractures during the back-and-forth exchanges with the FDA.

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Why it matters

This case defines the boundary between federal drug regulation and state tort law. It determines whether patients can sue drug makers for inadequate warnings when the FDA rejects proposed label changes. The outcome shapes the balance between federal oversight and state consumer protection.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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