October Term 2017 · Docket 16-424

Can a guilty plea waive the right to appeal a statute's validity?

The dispute centers on whether entering a guilty plea forfeits a defendant's right to challenge the underlying criminal statute.

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Class v. United States
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Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Ms. Amunson argued that defendants retain the statutory right to appeal a conviction during plea bargaining.

    Mr. Feigin contended that Rule 11(a)(2) mandates a conditional plea to preserve statutory challenges.

    Justice Ginsburg questioned whether statute of limitations claims fit within the rule's scope.

    Justice Alito noted that interlocutory appeals protect certain rights, asking if this applies here.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

This case tests the scope of Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 11(a)(2). The rule governs how defendants preserve legal challenges while pleading guilty. The core conflict involves the tension between finality and the right to appeal statutory defects.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on October 4, 2017.

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What each side wants

the side that brought the case wants the Court to allow an appeal of the statute's validity despite a guilty plea.

The government wants the Court to hold that a guilty plea waives the right to challenge the statute.

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What each side says

the side that brought the case argues that the right to appeal a conviction survives a guilty plea under the statute.

The government argues that Rule 11(a)(2) requires a conditional plea to preserve a statutory challenge.

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What the justices asked

Justice Sotomayor asked how a defendant preserves a challenge to a substantive crime committed in 1991.

Justice Alito asked if rights protected by interlocutory appeals fall within the Official doctrine.

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Why it matters

This issue determines whether defendants can challenge the constitutionality of criminal statutes after pleading guilty. It affects the finality of plea agreements and the scope of appellate review. The outcome shapes the balance between judicial efficiency and individual rights.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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