October Term 2015 · Docket 14-8913

Does a sentencing error require proof of harm?

The dispute centers on whether a defendant must prove that a sentencing guideline error changed their sentence.

Official caption
Molina-Martinez v. United States
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Argued
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Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    the side that brought the case argues that a presumption of harm lacks support in precedent.

    The government argues that the Guidelines remain central to federal sentencing.

    Justice Alito questioned the allocation of the burden of persuasion in specific scenarios.

    Justice Sotomayor challenged the distinction between general and specific evidence.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

The case asks if a court error in calculating sentencing guidelines automatically invalidates a sentence. the side that brought the case argues the error is not automatically harmful. The government argues the error is presumptively harmful.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on January 12, 2016.

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What each side wants

the side that brought the case wants the Court to reject the presumption that guideline errors are always harmful.

The government wants the Court to treat guideline errors as automatically prejudicial.

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What each side says

the side that brought the case argues that plain error review does not support a presumption of harm.

The government argues that the Guidelines are central to federal sentencing.

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What the justices asked

Justice Alito asked if the burden of persuasion shifts to the prosecution when evidence is absent.

Justice Sotomayor asked why the side that brought the case labels certain evidence as general rather than specific.

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Why it matters

This case defines the standard for reviewing sentencing calculations. It determines how courts handle errors in federal sentencing guidelines. The outcome shapes the rights of defendants in federal courts.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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