October Term 2012 · Docket 12-398

Can isolated human genes receive patent protection?

Myriad Genetics holds patents on isolated BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. the sides that brought the case argue these natural sequences cannot be patented. The Court must decide if isolation creates a patentable invention.

Official caption
Association for Molecular Pathology v. Myriad Genetics, Inc.
Latest argument session
Latest official Court activity
Latest verified event
Argued
Sources analyzed through
Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Christopher Hansen argued Myriad invented nothing by isolating natural genes.

    General Verrilli argued the patent system must keep basic building blocks free.

    Mr. Castanias argued isolated gene molecules are eligible for patents.

    Justice Alito questioned the functional difference between isolated and natural DNA.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

Myriad Genetics claims patents on isolated BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. These genes correlate with increased cancer risk. the sides that brought the case argue Myriad discovered, not invented, these sequences. Myriad argues isolation creates a new, patentable molecule. The dispute centers on patent eligibility for natural products.

Official sources for this section

How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on April 15, 2013.

Official sources for this section

What each side wants

Myriad wants to keep its patents on isolated genes valid.

the sides that brought the case want the Court to invalidate the gene patents.

Official sources for this section

What each side says

Myriad argues isolated DNA differs functionally from natural DNA.

the sides that brought the case argue Myriad merely discovered natural genetic sequences.

Official sources for this section

What the justices asked

Justice Alito asked if isolated DNA has a different function than natural DNA.

Justice Sotomayor asked why diagnostic tests were not patented separately from the genes.

Official sources for this section

Why it matters

Gene patents control access to cancer testing. High costs limit patient access to genetic screening. Patent validity affects research and medical innovation. The outcome shapes the balance between private incentives and public access to biological tools.

Official sources for this section

What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

Official sources for this section

Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

Download this sanitized case as JSON