October Term 2011 · Docket 11-94

Must a jury decide the number of days a company violated a law?

The dispute centers on whether a judge or a jury must determine the duration of a corporate offense.

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Southern Union Co. v. United States
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Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Carter Phillips argued the case involves findings the common law never entrusted to juries.

    The government advocate stated the judge decides how often the crime was committed for sentencing.

    Justice Alito questioned whether a corporation has a Sixth Amendment right to a jury trial.

    Justice Kennedy asked what standard applies to jury trials when fines are involved.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

Southern Union Company faces federal charges for violating a law over several months. The government sought a fine based on the number of days of violation. A lower court judge determined the duration and set the fine. The company argues this fact belongs to the jury. The government argues the judge may decide sentencing facts.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on March 19, 2012.

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What each side wants

The company wants the jury to decide the number of violation days.

The government wants the judge to determine the duration for sentencing.

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What each side says

The company argues the duration is an element of the offense requiring a jury verdict.

The government argues the duration is a sentencing fact traditionally decided by judges.

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What the justices asked

Justice Ginsburg asked why the jury did not specify the exact number of violation days.

Justice Breyer asked if sentencing facts are traditionally found by judges rather than juries.

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Why it matters

This case defines the boundary between jury and judge roles in corporate criminal sentencing. It determines who controls the calculation of fines based on offense duration. The outcome shapes the procedural rights of corporations facing federal charges. It clarifies the scope of the Sixth Amendment in white-collar crime cases.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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