October Term 2011 · Docket 11-159

Does state inheritance law define child survivor benefits?

The dispute centers on whether federal law requires applicants to prove state inheritance rights to receive child survivor benefits.

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Astrue v. Capato
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Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Mr. Miller argued the agency reasonably interpreted the Act to require state inheritance proof.

    Mr. Rothfeld argued the statute unambiguously dictates the family's reading without state law references.

    Chief Justice Roberts asked how the agency handles new reproductive technologies where state law is unclear.

    Justice Alito suggested Congress may have assumed a clear definition of child without needing state law.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

The Social Security Administration interprets the Social Security Act to require proof of state inheritance eligibility. The Capato family argues the statute unambiguously defines eligibility without referencing state law. The government contends state intestacy law provides a reasonable standard for determining child status.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on March 19, 2012.

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What each side wants

The government wants the Court to uphold the use of state inheritance law as the eligibility standard.

The family wants the Court to reject the state law requirement and grant benefits based on federal definitions.

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What each side says

The government argues the Social Security Act reasonably incorporates state intestacy law to define child status.

The family argues the statute is unambiguous and does not reference state inheritance law for eligibility.

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What the justices asked

Justice Ginsburg asked about the meaning of a specific statutory provision regarding state law status.

Justice Kagan questioned why Congress defined stepchildren without referencing state intestacy law in other sections.

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Why it matters

This case determines how federal agencies define family relationships for benefit eligibility. It clarifies the relationship between federal benefits and state inheritance laws. The outcome affects millions of families seeking survivor benefits. It establishes a standard for interpreting statutory definitions of family status.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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