October Term 2010 · Docket 09-350

Can plaintiffs sue local governments for constitutional violations without proving a specific policy caused the harm?

Los Angeles County argues that Section 1983 requires proof of a specific policy causing injury. Humphries contends that direct constitutional violations suffice for liability.

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Los Angeles County v. Humphries
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Argued
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Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Mr. Coates argued that Monell requires proof of causation by a local policy.

    Mr. Pincus argued that Monell’s causation requirement does not preclude direct constitutional claims.

    Justice Kennedy questioned whether plaintiffs could sue outside of Section 1983.

    Justice Scalia suggested suing individual officers under Section 1983 for injunctive relief.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

This case tests the scope of liability for local public entities under federal civil rights law. The dispute centers on whether a plaintiff must prove a specific custom or policy caused the injury. Los Angeles County seeks to maintain this causation requirement. Humphries argues that a direct violation of constitutional rights is enough to establish liability.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on October 5, 2010.

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What each side wants

Los Angeles County wants the Court to require proof that a specific policy caused the injury.

Humphries wants the Court to allow liability based solely on a direct constitutional violation.

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What each side says

Los Angeles County argues that Section 1983 requires proof of causation by a local custom or policy.

Humphries argues that Monell’s causation requirement does not bar suits based on direct constitutional violations.

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What the justices asked

Justice Kennedy asked if plaintiffs could sue outside of Section 1983.

Justice Scalia asked if suing an individual officer under Section 1983 provides injunctive relief.

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Why it matters

This case defines the legal standard for holding local governments accountable for civil rights violations. It determines whether plaintiffs must prove a specific policy caused their injury. The outcome shapes the scope of federal civil rights remedies available to citizens.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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