October Term 2010 · Docket 09-10245

Does a binding plea agreement make a sentence based on the agreement?

Freeman argues his sentence rests on a plea deal. The government says it rests on sentencing guidelines.

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Freeman v. United States
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Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Heft argued the sentence relied on a lowered guideline.

    Gannon argued the sentence relied on the binding plea deal.

    questions_asked_by_justices

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

Freeman seeks retroactive relief for a lowered crack guideline. The government opposes this claim.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on February 23, 2011.

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What each side wants

Freeman wants the court to grant retroactive relief.

The government wants the court to deny retroactive relief.

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What each side says

Freft argues the sentence rests on the plea agreement.

The government argues the sentence rests on the guidelines.

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What the justices asked

Roberts asked if the judgment relies on all statutory factors.

Alito asked which factor is more fundamental to the sentence.

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Why it matters

This case defines the source of a criminal sentence. It determines eligibility for retroactive guideline changes. It affects thousands of defendants with binding plea deals.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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