October Term 2007 · Docket 07-6053

Does a defendant's intent to silence a witness allow their out-of-court statements into evidence?

The dispute centers on whether a defendant's intent to prevent a witness from testifying justifies admitting that witness's prior statements.

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Giles v. California
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Ms. Burkhardt argued the Court must look to the common law at the time of the framing.

    Mr. De Nicola argued the common law never required intent to tamper as a prerequisite.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

This case examines the Confrontation Clause. It limits the use of out-of-court statements. The clause requires witnesses to face the accused. An exception exists for witness unavailability. The exception is called forfeiture by wrongdoing. The core question is the scope of this exception. Specifically, it asks if intent to silence is required.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on April 22, 2008.

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What each side wants

the side that brought the case wants the lower court's admission of evidence overturned.

The state wants the lower court's admission of evidence maintained.

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What each side says

the side that brought the case argues the common law requires intent to silence the witness.

The state argues the common law does not require specific intent to silence.

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What the justices asked

Justice Kennedy asked if the witness gave notice of testifying in California.

Justice Breyer asked how much the Court should follow eighteenth-century common law rules.

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Why it matters

This case defines the limits of the Confrontation Clause. It determines when out-of-court statements are admissible. It affects criminal trials involving unavailable witnesses. It clarifies the forfeiture by wrongdoing exception. It impacts the rights of the accused. It shapes the rules for admitting hearsay evidence.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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