October Term 2005 · Docket 05-259

Does a Title VII retaliation claim require tangible economic harm?

Burlington Northern argues that minor workplace reassignments do not constitute actionable retaliation. White contends that such actions violate federal anti-discrimination laws.

Official caption
Burlington N. & S. F. R. Co. v. White
Latest argument session
Latest official Court activity
Latest verified event
Argued
Sources analyzed through
Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Mr. Phillips argued that the jury instructions did not apply the correct legal standard for retaliation.

    Mr. Donati argued that reassigning and suspending White without pay constituted discrimination.

    Justice Breyer asked if excluding a woman from a key meeting could harm her career and count as a violation.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

The case centers on whether federal law protects employees from non-economic workplace mistreatment after filing discrimination charges. The dispute involves the scope of retaliation claims under Title VII.

Official sources for this section

How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on April 17, 2006.

Official sources for this section

What each side wants

Burlington Northern wants the Court to limit retaliation claims to tangible economic losses.

White wants the Court to recognize non-economic workplace mistreatment as actionable retaliation.

Official sources for this section

What each side says

Burlington Northern argues that minor reassignments and suspensions do not meet the legal threshold for retaliation.

White argues that excluding an employee from work activities after a charge constitutes illegal retaliation.

Official sources for this section

What the justices asked

Justice Kennedy asked if excluding an employee from a specific role for a year counts as retaliation.

Justice Ginsburg asked if excluding an employee from a weekly lunch meeting constitutes retaliation under the current definition.

Official sources for this section

Why it matters

The outcome defines the scope of federal protections for employees who report discrimination. It determines whether employers can impose non-economic penalties without legal consequence. This standard affects workplace conduct and employee rights nationwide.

Official sources for this section

What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

Official sources for this section

Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

Download this sanitized case as JSON