October Term 2005 · Docket 04-944

Does Title VII require 15 employees for federal court jurisdiction?

The dispute centers on whether the 15-employee threshold defines court power or a legal element.

Official caption
Arbaugh v. Y & H Corp.
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Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Mr. Joseffer argued the rule depends on interpreting congressional intent in the statutes.

    Mr. Prendergast disputed the claim that the plaintiff properly alleged the defendant was an employer.

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    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

Arbaugh v. Y & H Corp. asks if the 15-employee rule limits federal court jurisdiction. The lower court treated this number as a jurisdictional bar. The parties disagree on whether this threshold defines court power or a claim element.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on January 11, 2006.

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What each side wants

Arbaugh wants the Court to treat the 15-employee rule as a jurisdictional limit.

Y & H Corp. wants the Court to treat the 15-employee rule as a claim element.

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What each side says

Arbaugh argues the statute grants jurisdiction only to employers with 15 or more employees.

Y & H Corp. argues the employee count is a factual element of the discrimination claim.

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What the justices asked

Justice Scalia asked why Congress would make a disadvantage jurisdictional rather than an element.

Chief Justice Roberts asked if the employee count determines whether a party is covered by the law at all.

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Why it matters

This case determines whether federal courts can dismiss discrimination claims based solely on employee count. It defines the scope of federal judicial power over Title VII disputes. It clarifies the procedural path for plaintiffs with smaller employers.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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