October Term 2004 · Docket 03-855

Does aboriginal title survive without a federal reservation act?

The Oneida Nation claims tax exemption on purchased land. The City argues the title extinguished long ago.

Official caption
City of Sherrill v. Oneida Indian Nation of N. Y.
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Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Mr. Sacks argued the title extinguished before the purchase.

    Ms. Halligan argued the 1838 treaty disestablished the reservation.

    Mr. Stewart argued the passage of time does not bar the claim.

    Mr. Smith argued the Oneidas did not change their position.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

The Oneida Nation bought land in New York. They claim aboriginal title remains. The City says the title vanished. The Court must decide if the title survives.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on January 11, 2005.

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What each side wants

The Oneida Nation wants a tax exemption on the purchased land.

The City wants the tax exemption denied.

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What each side says

The Oneida Nation argues aboriginal title never extinguished.

The City argues the title vanished before the purchase.

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What the justices asked

Justice Breyer asked if title disappears over time.

Justice Kennedy asked if aboriginal title creates Indian country.

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Why it matters

This case defines tribal tax immunity on purchased land. It clarifies the scope of aboriginal title. It impacts local tax revenues and tribal sovereignty.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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