October Term 2003 · Docket 03-6821

Can a prisoner use federal court to challenge a state death sentence after state remedies fail?

David Nelson seeks federal review of his Alabama death sentence. The state argues he must exhaust state options first.

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Nelson v. Campbell
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Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Bryan Stevenson argued for Nelson. He stated no state remedy exists for Nelson. He rejected the state claim that state options remain open.

    Donal Campbell argued for the state. He claimed Nelson can still seek a new death warrant. He noted the previous warrant expired after a stay.

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    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

David Nelson faces execution in Alabama. He claims his state court process violated his rights. The state insists he must finish state appeals before federal courts can act.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on March 29, 2004.

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What each side wants

Nelson wants federal courts to review his death sentence now.

Campbell wants Nelson to finish all state appeals first.

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What each side says

Nelson argues state remedies are currently unavailable to him.

Campbell argues Nelson can still seek a new death warrant in state court.

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What the justices asked

Does Nelson have any remaining state court options?

Can federal courts intervene before state appeals conclude?

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Why it matters

This case defines when federal courts can review state death sentences. It shapes the balance between state and federal judicial power. It affects how prisoners access federal protections.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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