October Term 2001 · Docket 01-631

Does a police officer's request to search a bus passenger's bag constitute a seizure?

The dispute centers on whether a passenger's consent to a search is voluntary when an officer does not explicitly state the passenger may refuse.

Official caption
United States v. Drayton
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Official Transcript

Verified source milestones

  1. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.
  2. — An official oral-argument transcript was verified.

The arguments, in order

This case may have been argued more than once. Each entry below uses that session's official transcript. Later arguments do not erase earlier ones.

  1. Argument 1 ·

    What happened at the argument

    Ms. Spivey argued the Court should reaffirm the existing precedent entirely.

    She stated that advice is a factor particularly worth noting.

    Mr. Thompson argued that police questioning is a legitimate technique.

    He noted that the record did not indicate the bus was delayed.

    Read the official transcript for this argument · Official argument details

    Sources used for this argument breakdown

A citizen's guide to the whole case

What this case is about

This case tests the scope of the Fourth Amendment during routine bus stops. It asks if police must inform passengers they can say no to a search request.

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How the case got here

The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on April 16, 2002.

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What each side wants

The government wants the Court to keep the existing rule that advice is just one factor.

The defense wants the Court to require officers to state that passengers may refuse.

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What each side says

The government argues that police questioning is a vital law enforcement technique.

The defense argues that silence about the right to refuse makes consent involuntary.

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What the justices asked

The Chief Justice asked if the record showed the bus was delayed.

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Why it matters

This case defines the limits of police power during public transit stops. It determines how officers must interact with passengers to ensure legal searches. The outcome shapes daily interactions between law enforcement and the public.

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What happens next

This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity.

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Official Court provenance

Official docket and case history · Official Supreme Court oral-argument detail page

Title and summary sources

Revision history

  1. Revision 1 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.

  2. Revision 2 · Official Transcript ·

    Correction: Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.

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