{"argument_date":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2025","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","paragraphs":["Justice Gorsuch noted neither side argued a specific point.","Justice Thomas compared this case to prior persecution rulings.","Justice Jackson questioned the distinction between admission grounds."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 10-56","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 10-56"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 14-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 12, lines 14-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 8-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 38-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 14, lines 38-46"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 18-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 18-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 52-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 52-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 24-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 24-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 34-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 34-46"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 12-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 12-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 22-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 22-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 43, lines 44-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 43, lines 44-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 38-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 38-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 26-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 66, lines 26-46"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 30-48","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 30-48"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 71, lines 48-52","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 71, lines 48-52"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 18-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 18-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 48-8","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 48-8"}]}],"caption":"Urias-Orellana v. Bondi, Att'y Gen.","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:14.018196Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:14.028117Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T23:55:37.914664Z","explanation":"An official Court opinion was verified.","status":"decided"}],"case_status":"decided","dek":"the sides that brought the case seek de novo review of legal conclusions. the opposing sides argue for deferential fact-finding review.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 22-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 22-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 43, lines 44-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 43, lines 44-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 26-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 66, lines 26-46"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","maturity":"post_opinion","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2025","official_disposition_urls":["https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/25pdf/607us2r19_3e04.pdf"],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/24-777.html","primary_docket":"24-777","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-30T15:42:50.476485Z","maturity":"post_opinion","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"post_opinion","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["The case concerns the standard of review for asylum claims. the sides that brought the case argue legal interpretation requires de novo review. the opposing sides argue factual findings require deference."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 22-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 22-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 43, lines 44-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 43, lines 44-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 26-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 66, lines 26-46"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on December 1, 2025."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 12-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 12-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 71, lines 48-52","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 71, lines 48-52"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["the sides that brought the case want de novo review of legal conclusions.","the opposing sides want deferential review of factual findings."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 22-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 22-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 43, lines 44-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 43, lines 44-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 26-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 66, lines 26-46"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["the sides that brought the case argue legal interpretation is not fact-finding.","the opposing sides argue causation findings are factual matters."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 22-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 22-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 43, lines 44-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 43, lines 44-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 26-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 66, lines 26-46"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Sotomayor asked if undisputed facts met the legal standard.","Justice Jackson asked about the sequence of admission grounds."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 10-56","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 10-56"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 14-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 12, lines 14-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 8-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 38-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 14, lines 38-46"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 18-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 18-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 52-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 52-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 24-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 24-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 34-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 34-46"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 38-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 38-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 30-48","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 30-48"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 71, lines 48-52","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 71, lines 48-52"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 18-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 18-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 48-8","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 48-8"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["The standard determines how courts evaluate asylum evidence. It affects the burden on applicants. It shapes the role of federal judges in immigration cases."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 22-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 22-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 43, lines 44-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 43, lines 44-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 26-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 66, lines 26-46"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 10-56","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 10-56"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 14-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 12, lines 14-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 8-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 38-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 14, lines 38-46"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 18-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 18-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 52-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 52-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 24-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 24-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 34-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 34-46"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 12-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 12-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 38-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 38-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 30-48","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 30-48"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 71, lines 48-52","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 71, lines 48-52"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 18-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 18-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 48-8","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 48-8"}]}],"slug":"2025-24-777-urias-orellana-v-bondi-att-y-gen","term":"2025","title":"Does a federal court review asylum persecution findings de novo or deferentially?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 22-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 22-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 43, lines 44-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 43, lines 44-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 26-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2025/24-777_dc8e.pdf","page_label":"file page 66, lines 26-46"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":"latest_argument_date","updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}