{"argument_date":"2022-04-26T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2022-04-26T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2021","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","paragraphs":["General Prelogar argued the Secretary exercised statutory discretion.","She stated the benefits of the policy were outweighed by costs.","Mr. Stone argued the case presents a procedural question.","He also addressed the substantive obligations under Section 1225(b)(2). "],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 9-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 9-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 41-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 41-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 21-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 12, lines 21-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 45-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 45-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 39-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 14, lines 39-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 17-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 17-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 23-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 23-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 23-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 23-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 11-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 11-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 23-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 23-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 21-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 21-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 55-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 55-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 51-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 66, lines 51-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 27-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 67, lines 27-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 37-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 67, lines 37-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 68, lines 17-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 68, lines 17-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 68, lines 29-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 68, lines 29-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 69, lines 33-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 69, lines 33-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 70, lines 7-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 70, lines 7-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 73, lines 13-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 73, lines 13-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 73, lines 45-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 73, lines 45-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 73, lines 51-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 73, lines 51-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 43-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 74, lines 43-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 47-53","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 74, lines 47-53"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 76, lines 55-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 76, lines 55-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 79, lines 47-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 79, lines 47-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 25-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 25-43"}]}],"caption":"Biden v. Texas","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:17.429792Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:17.458475Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T23:56:15.514255Z","explanation":"An official Court opinion was verified.","status":"decided"}],"case_status":"decided","dek":"Texas argues federal law mandates detention. The administration claims it has discretion to choose other methods.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 23-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 23-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 51-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 66, lines 51-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 79, lines 47-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 79, lines 47-7"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2022-04-26T00:00:00Z","maturity":"post_opinion","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2021","official_disposition_urls":["https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/21pdf/597us2r66_k537.pdf"],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/21-954.html","primary_docket":"21-954","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-30T16:45:58.097911Z","maturity":"post_opinion","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"post_opinion","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["Texas seeks a court order forcing the federal government to detain migrants. The administration wants to keep its current policy of sending migrants abroad."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 23-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 23-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 51-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 66, lines 51-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 79, lines 47-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 79, lines 47-7"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on April 26, 2022."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 11-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 11-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 70, lines 7-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 70, lines 7-19"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["Texas wants a court order forcing the federal government to detain migrants.","The administration wants to keep its policy of sending migrants abroad."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 23-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 23-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 51-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 66, lines 51-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 79, lines 47-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 79, lines 47-7"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["Texas argues federal law mandates detention of arriving migrants.","The administration argues it has statutory discretion to choose other methods."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 23-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 23-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 51-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 66, lines 51-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 79, lines 47-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 79, lines 47-7"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Thomas asked if the word shall sets a detention baseline.","Justice Alito asked how far the jurisdictional argument extends."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 9-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 9-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 41-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 41-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 21-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 12, lines 21-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 45-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 45-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 39-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 14, lines 39-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 17-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 17-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 23-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 23-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 23-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 23-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 21-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 21-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 55-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 55-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 27-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 67, lines 27-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 37-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 67, lines 37-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 68, lines 17-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 68, lines 17-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 68, lines 29-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 68, lines 29-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 69, lines 33-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 69, lines 33-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 70, lines 7-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 70, lines 7-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 73, lines 13-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 73, lines 13-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 73, lines 45-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 73, lines 45-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 73, lines 51-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 73, lines 51-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 43-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 74, lines 43-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 74, lines 47-53","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 74, lines 47-53"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 76, lines 55-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 76, lines 55-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 25-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 25-43"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This case defines the limits of federal power over border enforcement. It determines whether states can compel specific federal actions. The outcome shapes future migration policy and state-federal relations."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 23-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 23-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 66, lines 51-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 66, lines 51-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 79, lines 47-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 79, lines 47-7"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 9-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 9-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 41-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 41-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 21-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 12, lines 21-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 45-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 45-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 39-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 14, lines 39-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 17-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 17-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 23-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2021/21-954_m6hn.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 23-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 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