{"argument_date":"2017-03-21T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2017-03-21T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2016","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","paragraphs":["Mr. Pincus argued the exhaustion doctrine terminates all patent rights after an authorized sale. He cited the Bowman case to support this broad interpretation.","Mr. Stewart addressed the domestic exhaustion issue first. He responded to questions about why the doctrine lacks codification.","Mr. Trela agreed with the government on one point. He stated the Federal Circuit properly looked to the statute for the doctrine's limits.","Justice Alito questioned the strategy of disregarding a rule adopted by the Federal Circuit. He noted this approach seemed counterintuitive for patent holders."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 4-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 4-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 44-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 44-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 22-4","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 14, lines 22-4"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 24-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 24-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 46-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 46-6"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 21, lines 14-24","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 21, lines 14-24"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 46-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 46-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 28-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 28-32"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 52-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 52-6"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 45, lines 14-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 45, lines 14-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 10-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 10-10"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 34-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 34-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 10-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 10-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 24-24","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 24-24"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 16-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 16-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 34-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 34-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 18-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 18-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 8-18"}]}],"caption":"Impressions Products, Inc. v. Lexmark Int'l, Inc.","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:21.649661Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:21.680991Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"Lexmark sold toner cartridges abroad with use restrictions. Impressions resold them in the U.S. Lexmark sued for infringement. The lower court sided with Lexmark.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 21, lines 14-24","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 21, lines 14-24"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 46-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 46-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 45, lines 14-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 45, lines 14-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 10-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 10-22"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2017-03-21T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2016","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/15-1189.html","primary_docket":"15-1189","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-30T18:42:36.797936Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["The case tests the patent exhaustion doctrine. This doctrine limits patent rights after an authorized sale. The core dispute involves sales made outside the United States."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 21, lines 14-24","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 21, lines 14-24"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 46-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 46-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 45, lines 14-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 45, lines 14-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 10-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 10-22"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on March 21, 2017."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 24-24","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 24-24"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["Impressions wants the Court to hold that a foreign authorized sale exhausts U.S. patent rights. This would allow the resale of imported goods without infringement liability.","Lexmark wants the Court to hold that a foreign sale does not exhaust U.S. patent rights. This would allow patent holders to enforce use restrictions on imported goods."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 21, lines 14-24","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 21, lines 14-24"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 46-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 46-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 45, lines 14-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 45, lines 14-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 10-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 10-22"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["Impressions argues the exhaustion doctrine applies regardless of where the sale occurs. They contend the initial authorized sale terminates all patent rights to that specific item.","Lexmark argues the exhaustion doctrine is limited by statute. They contend the patent holder retains the right to restrict use of items sold under foreign laws."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 21, lines 14-24","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 21, lines 14-24"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 46-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 46-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 45, lines 14-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 45, lines 14-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 10-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 10-22"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Kennedy asked why the exhaustion doctrine has not been codified by Congress.","Justice Breyer asked if a patentee can restrict use of a widget bought in Bavaria under a U.S. patent after a foreign sale."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 4-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 4-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 44-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 44-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 22-4","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 14, lines 22-4"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 24-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 24-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 46-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 46-6"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 28-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 28-32"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 52-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 52-6"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 10-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 10-10"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 34-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 34-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 16-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 16-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 34-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 34-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 18-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 18-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 8-18"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This case defines the geographic scope of patent exhaustion. It determines whether patent holders can control the resale of goods sold abroad. The outcome affects the global trade of patented products. It shapes the balance between patent rights and free commerce."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 21, lines 14-24","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 21, lines 14-24"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 46-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 46-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 45, lines 14-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 45, lines 14-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 10-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 10-22"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 4-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 4-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 44-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 44-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 22-4","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 14, lines 22-4"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 24-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 24-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 46-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 46-6"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 28-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 28-32"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 52-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 52-6"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 10-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 10-10"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 34-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 34-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 24-24","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 24-24"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 16-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 16-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 34-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 34-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 18-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 18-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 8-18"}]}],"slug":"2016-15-1189-impressions-products-inc-v-lexmark-int-l-inc","term":"2016","title":"Does a foreign sale exhaust U.S. patent rights?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 21, lines 14-24","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 21, lines 14-24"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 46-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 46-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 45, lines 14-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 45, lines 14-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 10-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/15-1189_6468.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 10-22"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}