{"argument_date":"2016-11-08T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2016-11-08T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2016","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","paragraphs":["the sides that brought the case argue the phrase implies an independent jurisdictional source.","the opposing sides argue the phrase does not create federal jurisdiction.","questions"],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 38-44","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 12, lines 38-44"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 24-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 24-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 24-38","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 14, lines 24-38"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 4-8","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 4-8"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 10-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 10-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-6"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 8-16","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 8-16"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 36-4","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 36-4"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 38-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 38-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 16-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 16-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 4-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 4-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 42-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 42-10"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 36-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 36-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 12-28","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 12-28"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 44-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 44-50"}]}],"caption":"Lightfoot v. Cendant Mortgage","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:22.070483Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"Parties dispute whether a statutory right to sue creates federal subject-matter jurisdiction.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 4-8","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 4-8"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 10-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 10-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-6"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2016-11-08T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2016","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/14-1055.html","primary_docket":"14-1055","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-30T18:50:46.224473Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["The case tests if a right-to-sue clause grants federal jurisdiction."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 4-8","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 4-8"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 10-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 10-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-6"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on November 8, 2016."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-18"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["the sides that brought the case want the clause to grant federal jurisdiction.","the opposing sides want the clause to deny federal jurisdiction."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 4-8","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 4-8"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 10-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 10-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-6"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["the sides that brought the case argue the phrase implies an independent jurisdictional source.","the opposing sides argue the phrase does not create federal jurisdiction."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 4-8","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 4-8"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 10-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 10-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-6"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Sotomayor asked if a right-to-sue differs from a cause of action.","Justice Breyer asked if legislative history supports the sides that brought the case' view."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 38-44","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 12, lines 38-44"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 24-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 24-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 24-38","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 14, lines 24-38"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 8-16","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 8-16"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 36-4","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 36-4"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 38-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 38-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 16-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 16-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 4-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 4-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 42-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 42-10"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 36-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 36-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 12-28","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 12-28"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 44-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 44-50"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["The outcome defines federal court access for statutory claims."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 4-8","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 4-8"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 10-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 10-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-6"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 38-44","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 12, lines 38-44"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 24-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 24-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 24-38","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 14, lines 24-38"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 8-16","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 8-16"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 36-4","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 36-4"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 38-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 38-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 16-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 16-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 4-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 4-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 42-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 42-10"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 36-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 36-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 12-28","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 12-28"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 44-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 44-50"}]}],"slug":"2016-14-1055-lightfoot-v-cendant-mortgage","term":"2016","title":"Does a right-to-sue clause grant federal jurisdiction?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 4-8","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 4-8"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 10-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 10-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2016/14-1055_h3dj.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-6"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}