{"argument_date":"2016-03-01T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2016-03-01T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2015","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","paragraphs":["Mr. Dvoretzky argued Congress added actual fraud to the discharge bar in 1978.","He stated his interpretation gives meaning to that amendment.","Ms. Murphy argued Section 523(a)(2) applies to debts fraudulently induced.","Ms. Harrington argued the lower court erred in requiring intentional misrepresentation."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 28-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 28-32"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 22-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 22-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 50-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 50-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 52-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 52-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-10"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 12-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 12-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 28-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 28-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 30-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 30-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 6-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 6-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 30-38","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 30-38"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 8-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 8-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 28-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 28-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 16-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 16-46"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 16-24","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 16-24"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 32-44","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 32-44"}]}],"caption":"Husky Int'l Electronics, Inc. v. Ritz","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:22.523284Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"The dispute centers on whether a debtor must prove a specific lie to a creditor to block discharge.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 50-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 50-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 52-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 52-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-10"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2016-03-01T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2015","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/15-145.html","primary_docket":"15-145","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-30T19:04:20.971569Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["Husky International Electronics seeks to discharge a debt. The creditor argues the debt arose from actual fraud. The lower court required proof of a specific misrepresentation. the side that brought the case argues this requirement is too narrow."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 50-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 50-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 52-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 52-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-10"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on March 1, 2016."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-18"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["Husky wants the Court to reject the specific misrepresentation requirement.","Ritz wants the Court to keep the specific misrepresentation requirement."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 50-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 50-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 52-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 52-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-10"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["Husky argues the statute covers any debt obtained by actual fraud.","Ritz argues the statute requires proof of a specific fraudulent inducement."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 50-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 50-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 52-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 52-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-10"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Breyer asked if the debt belongs to the transferor or the creditor.","Justice Kennedy asked if state law fraud is required for veil piercing."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 28-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 28-32"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 22-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 22-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 12-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 12-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 28-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 28-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 30-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 30-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 6-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 6-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 30-38","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 30-38"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 8-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 8-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 28-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 28-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 16-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 16-46"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 16-24","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 16-24"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 32-44","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 32-44"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This case defines the scope of bankruptcy discharge bars. It determines which debts survive bankruptcy proceedings. Creditors rely on this standard to protect their interests. Debtors rely on it to achieve a fresh start."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 50-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 50-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 52-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 52-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-10"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 28-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 28-32"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 22-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 22-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 12-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 12-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 28-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 28-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 30-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 30-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 6-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 6-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 30-38","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 30-38"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 8-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 8-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 28-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 28-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 16-46","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 16-46"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 16-24","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 16-24"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 32-44","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 32-44"}]}],"slug":"2015-15-145-husky-int-l-electronics-inc-v-ritz","term":"2015","title":"Does actual fraud require a specific lie to a creditor?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 16, lines 50-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 16, lines 50-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 52-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 52-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/15-145_a07i.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-10"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}