{"argument_date":"2015-12-08T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2015-12-08T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2015","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","paragraphs":["Appellants claim total-population counting dilutes voter power.","Texas claims total-population counting ensures equal representation.","Justice Kagan asked why House rules differ from state rules."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 38-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 38-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 32-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 32-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 34-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 12, lines 34-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 18-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 18-32"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 36-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 36-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 18, lines 32-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 18, lines 32-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 42-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 42-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 18-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 18-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 52-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 52-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-16","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-16"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 39, lines 50-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 39, lines 50-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 14-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 14-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 20-4","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 20-4"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 4-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 4-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 52-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 52-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 24-28","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 24-28"}]}],"caption":"Evenwel v. Abbott","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:22.748482Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"Appellants demand voter-based districting. Texas defends total-population counting.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 42-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 42-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 18-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 18-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 39, lines 50-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 39, lines 50-1"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2015-12-08T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2015","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/14-940.html","primary_docket":"14-940","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-30T19:10:20.292685Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["This case tests the one-person, one-vote rule. It asks if states must count only eligible voters. Texas counts all residents. Appellants claim this violates equal protection."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 42-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 42-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 18-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 18-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 39, lines 50-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 39, lines 50-1"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on December 8, 2015."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-16","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-16"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["Appellants want states to count only eligible voters.","Texas wants to keep counting all residents."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 42-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 42-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 18-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 18-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 39, lines 50-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 39, lines 50-1"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["Appellants argue total-population counting violates equal protection.","Texas argues total-population counting satisfies equal representation."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 42-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 42-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 18-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 18-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 39, lines 50-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 39, lines 50-1"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Sotomayor asked if practicality affects the decision.","Justice Ginsburg asked if excluding women was wrong pre-1920."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 38-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 38-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 32-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 32-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 34-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 12, lines 34-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 18-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 18-32"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 36-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 36-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 18, lines 32-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 18, lines 32-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 52-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 52-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 14-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 14-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 20-4","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 20-4"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 4-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 4-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 52-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 52-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 24-28","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 24-28"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This dispute defines how states measure political equality. It shapes who holds power in local government. It determines the weight of each citizen's voice."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 42-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 42-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 18-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 18-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 39, lines 50-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 39, lines 50-1"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 38-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 38-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 32-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 32-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 34-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 12, lines 34-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 18-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 18-32"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 36-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 36-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 18, lines 32-34","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 18, lines 32-34"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 52-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 52-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-16","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-16"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 14-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 14-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 20-4","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 20-4"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 4-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 4-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 52-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 52-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 24-28","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 24-28"}]}],"slug":"2015-14-940-evenwel-v-abbott","term":"2015","title":"Must states count all residents or only voters when drawing districts?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 42-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 42-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 18-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 18-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 39, lines 50-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2015/14-940_hgci.pdf","page_label":"file page 39, lines 50-1"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}