{"argument_date":"2015-04-27T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2015-04-27T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2014","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","paragraphs":["Ms. Ward argued the core liberty interest is freedom from unjustified bodily restraint.","Mr. Clement argued the Court should adopt the subjective test from prior case law.","Justice Kennedy questioned the distinction between discipline and punishment for detainees.","Justice Scalia asked whether the claim relies on substantive due process."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 22, lines 12-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 22, lines 12-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 33, lines 26-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 33, lines 26-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 4-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 4-10"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 12-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 12-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 22-38","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 22-38"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 48-8","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 48-8"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 50-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 50-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 19-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 19-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 18-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 18-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 32-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 32-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 16-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 16-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 30-38","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 30-38"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 48-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 48-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 52-4","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 52-4"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 8-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 8-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 10-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 10-14"}]}],"caption":"Kingsley v. Hendrickson","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:23.153469Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:23.164167Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"The dispute centers on whether a pretrial detainee must prove an officer acted with subjective intent to harm when using excessive force.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 22, lines 12-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 22, lines 12-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 33, lines 26-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 33, lines 26-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 50-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 50-17"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2015-04-27T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2014","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/14-6368.html","primary_docket":"14-6368","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-30T19:37:46.531470Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["The case asks if the Fourteenth Amendment requires a subjective intent standard for pretrial detainees. This differs from the Eighth Amendment standard for convicted prisoners. The lower court applied the subjective test. the side that brought the case seeks an objective standard. the opposing side defends the subjective test."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 22, lines 12-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 22, lines 12-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 33, lines 26-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 33, lines 26-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 50-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 50-17"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on April 27, 2015."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 19-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 19-21"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["the side that brought the case wants the Court to adopt an objective standard for excessive force claims.","the opposing side wants the Court to keep the subjective intent standard for these claims."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 22, lines 12-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 22, lines 12-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 33, lines 26-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 33, lines 26-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 50-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 50-17"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["the side that brought the case argues the core liberty interest is freedom from unjustified bodily harm.","the opposing side argues the Court should adopt the subjective test from prior case law."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 22, lines 12-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 22, lines 12-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 33, lines 26-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 33, lines 26-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 50-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 50-17"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Kennedy asked if discipline and punishment differ for pretrial detainees.","Justice Scalia asked if the claim relies on substantive due process rather than the Eighth Amendment."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 4-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 4-10"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 12-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 12-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 22-38","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 22-38"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 48-8","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 48-8"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 19-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 19-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 18-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 18-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 32-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 32-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 16-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 16-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 30-38","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 30-38"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 48-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 48-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 52-4","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 52-4"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 8-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 8-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 10-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 10-14"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["The standard determines how courts evaluate police force against unconvicted people. It affects the rights of all pretrial detainees. It shapes the balance between public safety and individual liberty."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 22, lines 12-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 22, lines 12-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 33, lines 26-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 33, lines 26-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 50-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 50-17"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 4-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 4-10"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 12-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 12-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 22-38","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 22-38"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 48-8","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 48-8"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 19-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 19-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 18-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 18-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 32-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 32-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 16-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 16-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 30-38","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 30-38"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 48-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 48-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 52-4","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 52-4"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 8-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 8-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 10-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 10-14"}]}],"slug":"2014-14-6368-kingsley-v-hendrickson","term":"2014","title":"Does a pretrial detainee need to prove officer intent to win an excessive force claim?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 22, lines 12-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 22, lines 12-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 33, lines 26-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 33, lines 26-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 50-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-6368_linq.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 50-17"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}