{"argument_date":"2015-04-21T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2015-04-21T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2014","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","paragraphs":["Kevin Russell argued the briefing narrowed the disagreement among the parties.","Russell stated that ignorance of the law is no excuse.","Ms. Harrington argued a broader view of knowledge is correct.","Harrington stated the government need not limit knowledge specifically to drug laws."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 46-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 46-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court 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36-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 36-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 61, lines 10-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 61, lines 10-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 61, lines 34-44","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 61, lines 34-44"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 62, lines 24-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 62, lines 24-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 64, lines 52-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 64, lines 52-10"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 65, lines 26-30","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 65, lines 26-30"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 28-30","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 67, lines 28-30"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 42-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 42-6"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 16-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 16-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 32-38","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 32-38"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 52-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 52-10"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 40-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 40-18"}]}],"caption":"McFadden v. United States","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:23.059426Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:23.062289Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"The dispute centers on the mental state required for a conviction under the Controlled Substances Act.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 12-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 12-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 28-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 28-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 10-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 10-32"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 62, lines 24-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 62, lines 24-50"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2015-04-21T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2014","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/14-378.html","primary_docket":"14-378","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-30T19:39:01.649650Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["The case tests the knowledge element for selling drug analogues."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 12-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 12-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 28-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 28-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 10-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 10-32"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 62, lines 24-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 62, lines 24-50"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on April 21, 2015."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 38-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 38-1"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["the side that brought the case wants the conviction overturned.","The government wants the conviction upheld."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 12-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 12-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 28-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 28-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 10-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 10-32"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 62, lines 24-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 62, lines 24-50"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["the side that brought the case argues the government must prove specific knowledge of the substance's chemical makeup.","The government argues general knowledge of the substance's effects satisfies the legal requirement."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 12-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 12-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 28-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 28-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 10-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 10-32"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 62, lines 24-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 62, lines 24-50"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Scalia asked if the seller must know the chemical makeup causing the substance to be an analogue.","Justice Ginsburg asked if a supplier stating the substance mimics cocaine satisfies the mental state requirement."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 46-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 46-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 16-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 16-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 22-40","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 22-40"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 28-30","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 28-30"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 4-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 4-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 42-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 42-6"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 34-36","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 34-36"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 40-16","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 40-16"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 38-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 38-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 59, lines 10-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 59, lines 10-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 16-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 16-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 12-22","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 12-22"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 36-42","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 36-42"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 61, lines 10-14","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 61, lines 10-14"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 61, lines 34-44","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 61, lines 34-44"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 64, lines 52-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 64, lines 52-10"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 65, lines 26-30","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 65, lines 26-30"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 67, lines 28-30","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 67, lines 28-30"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 42-6","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 42-6"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 16-26","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 16-26"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 32-38","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 32-38"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 52-10","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 52-10"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 40-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 40-18"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["The outcome defines the mental state required for federal drug convictions. It sets the standard for proving a defendant knew the substance was illegal. This standard affects how prosecutors build cases against drug sellers. It determines the scope of criminal liability under federal law."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 24, lines 12-12","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 24, lines 12-12"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 29, lines 28-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 29, lines 28-50"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 20-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 20-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 10-32","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 10-32"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 62, lines 24-50","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 62, lines 24-50"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 46-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 46-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 16-20","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 16-20"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 8-18","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2014/14-378_36b1.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 8-18"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 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