{"argument_date":"2013-11-13T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2013-11-13T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2013","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","paragraphs":["Jeffrey Fisher argued third-party consent creates a rebuttable presumption of authority.","He stated social custom allows one resident to speak for all when police arrive.","The state argued a present co-tenant's consent remains valid despite prior objections.","They claimed absent tenants lack authority to block entry while away."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 9-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 9-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 29-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 29-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 39, lines 15-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 39, lines 15-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 13-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 13-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 13-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 13-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 21-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 21-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 35-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 35-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 9-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 9-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 49-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 49-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 15-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 15-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 23-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 23-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 17-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 17-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 47-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 47-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 13-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 13-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 35-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 35-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 47-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 47-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 11-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 11-15"}]}],"caption":"Fernandez v. California","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:24.451814Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:24.483761Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"The dispute centers on whether a co-tenant's earlier refusal to allow entry invalidates a later consent given by another resident.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 9-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 9-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 29-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 29-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 39, lines 15-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 39, lines 15-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 49-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 49-13"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2013-11-13T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2013","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/12-7822.html","primary_docket":"12-7822","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-30T21:20:22.070946Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["The case tests the limits of third-party consent during home searches. It asks if an absent tenant's prior objection overrides a present tenant's later permission."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 9-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 9-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 29-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 29-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 39, lines 15-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 39, lines 15-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 49-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 49-13"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on November 13, 2013."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 15-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 15-17"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["the side that brought the case wants the search ruled invalid due to the prior objection.","The state wants the search upheld based on the present tenant's consent."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 9-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 9-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 29-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 29-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 39, lines 15-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 39, lines 15-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 49-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 49-13"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["the side that brought the case argues a prior objection creates a rebuttable presumption against entry.","The state argues a present co-tenant's consent is not nullified by an absent tenant's prior objection."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 9-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 9-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 29-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 29-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 39, lines 15-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 39, lines 15-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 49-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 49-13"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Alito asked why a joint tenant cannot invite others into the home.","Justice Breyer asked if a tenant can invite police into her own house."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 13-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 13-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 13-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 13-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 21-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 21-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 35-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 35-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 9-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 9-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 15-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 15-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 23-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 23-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 17-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 17-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 47-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 47-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 13-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 13-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 35-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 35-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 47-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 47-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 11-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 11-15"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This case defines the balance between individual privacy and police authority in shared homes. It clarifies when a resident's consent overrides another's refusal. The outcome shapes future searches in multi-occupant dwellings."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 9-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 9-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 29-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 29-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 39, lines 15-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 39, lines 15-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 49-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 49-13"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 13-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 13-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 13-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 13-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 21-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 21-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 35-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 35-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 9-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 9-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 54, lines 15-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 54, lines 15-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 23-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 23-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 17-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 17-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 47-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 47-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 13-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 13-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 35-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 35-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 47-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 47-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 11-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 11-15"}]}],"slug":"2013-12-7822-fernandez-v-california","term":"2013","title":"Can a co-tenant's prior objection block a later police search?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 9-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 9-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 29-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 29-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 39, lines 15-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 39, lines 15-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 53, lines 49-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2013/12-7822_5593.pdf","page_label":"file page 53, lines 49-13"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}