{"argument_date":"2013-02-19T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2013-02-19T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2012","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","paragraphs":["Mr. Paolella argued the waiver language is clear and unambiguous.","Mr. Bucholtz argued the proviso limits coverage to investigative officers.","Justice Scalia questioned the exclusion of specific torts from the waiver.","Justice Sotomayor pressed counsel on the boundaries of the statutory term."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 51-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 51-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 9-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 9-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 15-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 15-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 33-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 33-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 51-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 51-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 23-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 23-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 45-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 45-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 11-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 11-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 47-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 47-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 52, lines 45-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 52, lines 45-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 25-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 25-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 51-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 51-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 33-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 33-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 45-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 45-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 5-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 5-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 3-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 3-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 15-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 15-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 27-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 27-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 39-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 39-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 13-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 13-5"}]}],"caption":"Millbrook v. United States","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:34.512835Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:34.547380Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"the sides that brought the case seek a damages waiver for guard conduct. The government argues the waiver excludes non-investigative staff.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 51-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 51-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 23-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 23-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 52, lines 45-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 52, lines 45-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 25-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 25-49"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2013-02-19T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2012","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/11-10362.html","primary_docket":"11-10362","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-30T22:17:36.948796Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["The case tests the scope of a federal tort waiver. It asks if prison guards qualify as law enforcement officers under the statute."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 51-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 51-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 23-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 23-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 52, lines 45-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 52, lines 45-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 25-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 25-49"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on February 19, 2013."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 5-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 5-15"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["the sides that brought the case want a damages waiver for guard conduct.","The government wants to exclude non-investigative staff from the waiver."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 51-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 51-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 23-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 23-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 52, lines 45-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 52, lines 45-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 25-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 25-49"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["the sides that brought the case argue the statute textually covers all law enforcement officers.","The government argues the proviso limits coverage to investigative officers."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 51-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 51-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 23-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 23-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 52, lines 45-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 52, lines 45-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 25-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 25-49"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Scalia asked why the statute excludes libel and slander.","Justice Sotomayor asked counsel to define the boundaries of the waiver."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 51-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 51-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 9-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 9-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 15-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 15-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 33-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 33-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 45-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 45-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 11-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 11-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 47-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 47-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 51-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 51-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 33-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 33-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 45-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 45-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 5-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 5-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 3-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 3-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 15-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 15-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 27-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 27-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 39-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 39-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 13-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 13-5"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["The outcome defines which federal employees face civil liability. It determines the scope of sovereign immunity waivers for tort claims."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 51-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 51-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 23-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 26, lines 23-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 52, lines 45-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 52, lines 45-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 25-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 25-49"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 51-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 51-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 9-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 9-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 15-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 15-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 33-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 33-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 45-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 45-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 11-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 11-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 47-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 47-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 51-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 51-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 33-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 33-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 56, lines 45-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 56, lines 45-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 5-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 5-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 3-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 3-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 15-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 15-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 27-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 27-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 39-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 39-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 13-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 13-5"}]}],"slug":"2012-11-10362-millbrook-v-united-states","term":"2012","title":"Does the law enforcement proviso cover prison guards?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 13, lines 51-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2012/11-10362_6j37.pdf","page_label":"file page 13, lines 51-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 26, lines 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