{"argument_date":"2012-01-09T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2012-01-09T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2011","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","paragraphs":["Texas claims the lower court lost sight of first principles.","Opponents claim Texas inverts the federal approval burden.","questions_asked_by_justices"],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 43-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 43-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 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47-47","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 47-47"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 41-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 41-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 19-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 19-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 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35-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 35-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 39-47","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 39-47"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 51-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 51-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 59, lines 27-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 59, lines 27-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 59, lines 5-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 59, lines 5-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 49-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 49-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 5-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 5-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 19-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 19-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 3-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 3-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 45-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 45-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 9-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 9-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 61, lines 15-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 61, lines 15-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 61, lines 27-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 61, lines 27-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 61, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 61, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 64, lines 45-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 64, lines 45-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 49-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 49-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 9-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 9-17"}]}],"caption":"Perry v. Perez","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:35.513580Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:35.526554Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"Texas wants to use a judicial map. Opponents say federal law forbids it.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 41-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 41-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 19-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 19-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 43, lines 41-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 43, lines 41-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 35-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 35-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 64, lines 45-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 64, lines 45-13"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2012-01-09T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2011","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/11-713.html","primary_docket":"11-713","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-30T23:22:47.313869Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["Texas seeks to use a court-drawn map. Opponents argue federal law blocks this action."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 41-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 41-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 19-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 19-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 43, lines 41-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 43, lines 41-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 35-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 35-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 64, lines 45-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 64, lines 45-13"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on January 9, 2012."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 35-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 35-37"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["Texas wants to use the court-drawn map immediately.","Opponents want to block the map until approval."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 41-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 41-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 19-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 19-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 43, lines 41-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 43, lines 41-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 35-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 35-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 64, lines 45-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 64, lines 45-13"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["Texas argues the lower court ignored key legal principles.","Opponents argue Texas inverts the federal approval burden."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 41-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 41-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 19-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 19-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 43, lines 41-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 43, lines 41-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 35-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 35-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 64, lines 45-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 64, lines 45-13"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Ginsburg asked how this case differs from prior plans.","Justice Alito asked what happens if neither map works."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 43-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 43-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 7-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 7-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 17-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 12, lines 17-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 23-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 14, lines 23-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 43-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 43-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 47-47","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 47-47"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 43-47","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 43-47"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 51-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 51-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 39-47","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 39-47"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 58, lines 51-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 58, lines 51-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 59, lines 27-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 59, lines 27-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 59, lines 5-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 59, lines 5-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 49-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 49-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 5-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 5-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 19-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 19-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 3-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 3-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 45-1","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 45-1"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 60, lines 9-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 60, lines 9-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 61, lines 15-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 61, lines 15-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 61, lines 27-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 61, lines 27-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 61, lines 39-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 61, lines 39-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 49-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 49-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 9-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 9-17"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This case defines when states can use new maps. It shapes federal oversight of voting rights."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 41-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 41-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 28, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 28, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 19-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 19-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 43, lines 41-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 43, lines 41-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 57, lines 35-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 57, lines 35-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 64, lines 45-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 64, lines 45-13"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 43-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 43-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 7-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 7-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 12, lines 17-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 12, lines 17-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 14, lines 23-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 14, lines 23-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 43-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 43-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 15, lines 47-47","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 15, lines 47-47"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 43-47","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/11-713.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 43-47"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 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