{"argument_date":"2011-11-07T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2011-11-07T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2011","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","paragraphs":["Mr. Whalen argued that the Kawashimas filed a false corporate tax return.","Mr. Gannon argued that Congress specifically referenced tax evasion in the statute.","Justice Scalia questioned the definition of willfulness in the context of false statements.","Justice Kennedy asked if a false statement made in good faith violates the statute."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 15-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-13"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 15-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 15-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 29-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 29-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 35-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 35-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 43-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 43-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 19-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 19-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 13-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 13-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 23-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 23-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 33-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 33-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 49-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 49-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 5-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 5-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 29-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 29-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 43-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 43-5"}]}],"caption":"Kawashima v. Holder","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:36.452103Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"The dispute centers on whether filing a false tax return constitutes an aggravated felony under immigration law.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 15-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-13"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2011-11-07T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2011","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/10-577.html","primary_docket":"10-577","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-30T23:41:15.950652Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["The case examines the definition of aggravated felony in the Immigration and Nationality Act. It tests whether specific tax offenses fall under this category."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 15-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-13"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on November 7, 2011."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-15"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["the sides that brought the case want the Court to rule that their tax conviction is not an aggravated felony.","the opposing side wants the Court to confirm that the conviction is an aggravated felony."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 15-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-13"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["the sides that brought the case argue that Congress specifically listed tax evasion, excluding other tax offenses from the aggravated felony definition.","the opposing side argues that the statute covers all tax offenses, not just the specific ones listed."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 15-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-13"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Sotomayor asked if the government relies on tax return statements to calculate taxes.","Justice Scalia asked if willfulness requires knowing a statement is false when made."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 15-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 15-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 29-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 29-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 35-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 35-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 43-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 43-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 19-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 19-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 13-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 13-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 23-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 23-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 33-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 33-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 49-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 49-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 5-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 5-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 29-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 29-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 43-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 43-5"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This case defines the scope of aggravated felony convictions. It determines which tax crimes trigger mandatory deportation. The outcome affects the rights of non-citizens with tax convictions."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 15-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-13"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 15-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 15-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 29-31","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 29-31"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 35-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 35-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 43-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 43-5"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 19-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 19-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 13-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 13-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 23-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 23-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 33-35","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 33-35"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 49-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 49-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 5-11","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 5-11"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 29-33","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 29-33"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 43-5","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 43-5"}]}],"slug":"2011-10-577-kawashima-v-holder","term":"2011","title":"Does a false tax return conviction qualify as an aggravated felony?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 15-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 15-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 17-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2011/10-577.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 17-13"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}