{"argument_date":"2010-10-05T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2010-10-05T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2010","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","paragraphs":["General Katyal argued the lower court erred.","He stated background checks are standard business practice.","Justice Sotomayor questioned the limit on government inquiries.","Justice Ginsburg focused on the specific contested questions."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 21-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 21-49"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 51-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 51-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 15-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 15-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 19-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 19-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 31-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 31-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 49-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 49-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 7-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 7-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 13-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 13-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 27-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 27-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 15-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 15-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 43-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 43-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 33-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 33-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 9-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 9-13"}]}],"caption":"NASA v. Nelson","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:25.430540Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"NASA seeks to enforce background checks that ask about medical counseling.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 21-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 21-49"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2010-10-05T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2010","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/09-530.html","primary_docket":"09-530","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-31T01:06:13.734416Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["NASA wants to keep medical questions on job forms. Applicants want to stop these intrusive inquiries."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 21-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 21-49"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on October 5, 2010."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-17"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["NASA wants to ask about medical treatment.","Applicants want to stop these specific questions."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 21-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 21-49"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["NASA argues background checks are standard practice.","Applicants argue the government intrudes on private lives."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 21-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 21-49"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Sotomayor asked if government questions have limits.","Justice Ginsburg asked why the scope is so broad."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 51-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 51-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 15-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 15-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 19-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 19-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 31-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 31-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 49-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 49-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 7-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 7-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 13-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 13-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 27-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 27-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 15-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 15-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 43-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 43-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 33-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 33-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 9-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 9-13"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["This case defines the boundary of government privacy intrusion. It affects every citizen's right to personal medical information."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 21-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 21-49"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 51-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 51-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 15-15","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 15-15"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 19-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 19-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 31-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 31-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 49-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 49-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 7-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 7-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 13-21","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 13-21"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 27-41","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 27-41"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 15-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 15-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 43-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 43-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 33-39","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 33-39"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 9-13","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 9-13"}]}],"slug":"2010-09-530-nasa-v-nelson","term":"2010","title":"Can the government ask job applicants about medical treatment?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 27, lines 43-7","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 27, lines 43-7"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-19"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 21-49","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-530.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 21-49"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}