{"argument_date":"2011-02-22T00:00:00Z","arguments":[{"argument_date":"2011-02-22T00:00:00Z","heading":"What happened at the argument","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2010","official_transcript_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","paragraphs":["Justice Kagan questioned whether the side that brought the case admits Congress acted within its enumerated powers.","Justice Kagan asked if the side that brought the case asserts an independent Tenth Amendment limitation on Congress.","Justice Scalia discussed the relationship between statutory basis and constitutional claims.","Justice Kennedy asked if a specific injury allows a client to argue government exceeded its powers."],"reargument":false,"sequence":1,"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 17-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 17-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 11-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 11-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 33-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 33-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 35-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 35-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 34, lines 17-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 34, lines 17-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 43-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 43-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 5-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 5-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 15-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 15-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 33-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 33-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 52, lines 27-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 52, lines 27-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 39-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 39-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 31-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 31-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 15-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 15-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 37-47","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 37-47"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 19-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 19-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 9-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 9-19"}]}],"caption":"Bond v. United States","case_history":[{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:25.026139Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"},{"changed_at":"2026-08-29T20:06:25.054661Z","explanation":"An official oral-argument transcript was verified.","status":"argued"}],"case_status":"argued","dek":"The dispute centers on whether a person can challenge a federal statute based on Tenth Amendment limits even if Congress acted within its enumerated powers.","dek_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 35-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 35-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 34, lines 17-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 34, lines 17-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 52, lines 27-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 52, lines 27-37"}],"dispositions":[],"latest_court_document_date":"2011-02-22T00:00:00Z","maturity":"official_transcript","official_detail_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcript/2010","official_disposition_urls":[],"official_docket_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/docket/docketfiles/html/public/09-1227.html","primary_docket":"09-1227","revisions":[{"correction_note":"Rewritten to the concise citizen-facing editorial standard.","created_at":"2026-08-31T00:16:12.261523Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":1},{"correction_note":"Migrated to the dated official Court activity contract without model use.","created_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z","maturity":"official_transcript","revision_number":2}],"schema_version":"1.1","sections":[{"heading":"What this case is about","paragraphs":["The case involves a challenge to a federal statute. the side that brought the case argues the law exceeds Congress's powers. The government argues the law is valid. The Court must decide the scope of constitutional challenges."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 35-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 35-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 34, lines 17-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 34, lines 17-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 52, lines 27-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 52, lines 27-37"}]},{"heading":"How the case got here","paragraphs":["The Supreme Court heard oral argument in this case on February 22, 2011."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 39-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 39-51"}]},{"heading":"What each side wants","paragraphs":["the side that brought the case wants the Court to allow a Tenth Amendment challenge to the federal statute.","The government wants the Court to reject the Tenth Amendment challenge and uphold the statute."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 35-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 35-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 34, lines 17-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 34, lines 17-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 52, lines 27-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 52, lines 27-37"}]},{"heading":"What each side says","paragraphs":["the side that brought the case argues the statute violates the Tenth Amendment despite Congress's enumerated powers.","The government argues the statute is valid because Congress acted within its enumerated powers."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 35-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 35-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 34, lines 17-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 34, lines 17-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 52, lines 27-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 52, lines 27-37"}]},{"heading":"What the justices asked","paragraphs":["Justice Kagan asked if the side that brought the case claims Congress acted outside its enumerated powers.","Justice Kagan asked if the side that brought the case makes a specific Tenth Amendment claim independent of Article I powers."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 17-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 17-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 11-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 11-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 33-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 33-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 43-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 43-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 5-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 5-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 15-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 15-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 33-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 33-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 39-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 39-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 31-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 31-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 15-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 15-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 37-47","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 37-47"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 19-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 19-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 9-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 9-19"}]},{"heading":"Why it matters","paragraphs":["The outcome defines the scope of individual rights against federal power. It clarifies how courts review federal statutes. It impacts the balance between state and federal authority."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 35-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 35-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 34, lines 17-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 34, lines 17-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 52, lines 27-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 52, lines 27-37"}]},{"heading":"What happens next","paragraphs":["This article currently covers the argument record. Use the official docket link for later case activity."],"sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 10, lines 17-29","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 10, lines 17-29"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 11-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 11-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 11, lines 33-45","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 11, lines 33-45"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 7-17","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 7-17"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 43-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 43-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 4, lines 5-9","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 4, lines 5-9"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 15-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 15-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 5, lines 33-43","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 5, lines 33-43"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 55, lines 39-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 55, lines 39-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 6, lines 31-51","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 6, lines 31-51"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 15-23","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 15-23"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 7, lines 37-47","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 7, lines 37-47"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 8, lines 19-27","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 8, lines 19-27"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 9, lines 9-19","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 9, lines 9-19"}]}],"slug":"2010-09-1227-bond-v-united-states","term":"2010","title":"Can a person challenge a federal law if Congress acted within its powers but violated the Tenth Amendment?","title_sources":[{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 17, lines 35-25","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 17, lines 35-25"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 3, lines 19-3","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 3, lines 19-3"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 34, lines 17-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 34, lines 17-37"},{"evidence_type":"Transcript","label":"Official Supreme Court Transcript — file page 52, lines 27-37","official_url":"https://www.supremecourt.gov/oral_arguments/argument_transcripts/2010/09-1227.pdf","page_label":"file page 52, lines 27-37"}],"topics":[],"undated_disposition_date_fallback":null,"updated_at":"2026-09-05T03:22:24Z"}